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NATIONAL ASSEMBLY HANSARD 06 MARCH 2025 VOL 51 NO 32

PARLIAMENT OF ZIMBABWE

Thursday, 6^th March, 2025

The National Assembly met at a Quarter-past Two o’clock p.m.

PRAYERS

(THE ACTING SPEAKER in the Chair)

ANNOUNCEMENTS BY THE ACTING SPEAKER

TABLING OF REPORT

         THE ACTING SPEAKER (HON. MAUNGANIDZE): In terms of Section 12 (2) of the Audi Office Act where the Minister or appropriate Minister fails to lay any report before the House of Assembly in terms of subsection (1) within the period specified therein, the Auditor-General shall transmit a copy of such report to the Speaker of the National Assembly for the Speaker to lay it before the House. I therefore, lay upon the table, the Value for Money Audit Report by the Auditor-General on the utilisation of dams, a case of Tugwi-Mukosi Dam for the year ended 31 December 2024 in terms of [Chapter 22:18].

         HON. O. SIBANDA: I rise on a point of national interest to address this House as we look forward to commemorating the International Women’s Day on Saturday 8 March, 2025. As we join the global community in celebrating the achievements of women and recommitting ourselves to the pursuit of gender parity, it is important to reflect on this year’s theme titled, “Accelerate Action”, which resonates deeply with Zimbabwe’s ongoing efforts to empower women and girls across all sectors of society. The theme also aligns closely with the theme of the 69^th Session of the Commission on the Status of Women, which seeks to commemorate 30 years after the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. Both occasions emphasise the need to accelerate progress towards gender equality and women’s empowerment.

         Remarkably, Zimbabwe has made significant strides in advancing gender equality from legislative reforms that protect women’s rights, promoting women’s participation in leadership education and the economy as a whole.  This progress inspires hope. One of significant milestones in Zimbabwe has been the enactment of pieces of gender responsive legislation, particularly the 2013 Constitution, Amendment (No. 20), the Domestic Violence Act, Sexual Offences Act, Education Amendment Act and recently, the Marriages Act.

         We applaud Parliament for working tirelessly to enact these laws which have created the enabling environment for women to excel. Of major importance for us is the introduction of quotas in local and national elections, under Section 124 of the Constitution which has contributed to more women occupying decision making roles with Parliament and local councils amplifying their voices in Government.

         Madam Speaker Ma’am, while we applaud Government for all these efforts, challenges remain. Deep rooted cultural norms and social attitudes continue to hinder women’s progress.  Gender stereotypes and discriminatory practices often limit women’s access to opportunities and decision making roles. Very few women own land, houses, businesses, mines, you name it. Therefore, as we celebrate International Women’s Day on Saturday, 8 March 2025, as the Zimbabwe Women Parliamentary Caucus, we call upon the Government to accelerate action and ensure that more women rise and break the glass ceiling for Parliament. We plead for increased funding and resources dedicated to gender equality initiatives in all ministries.

         Let me conclude by calling upon all Zimbabweans, including civil society, the private sector and individuals, to take bold and decisive action to address the empowerment of women. Together, we can accelerate action and building a Zimbabwe where every woman and girl can achieve her full potential.

         THE ACTING SPEAKER: You point is well noted. Hon Members, you are reminded that a point of national interest is not a debate. Therefore, you have to express yourself in just a minute.

         HON. MHETU: I rise on a matter of national interest with regards to Constituency Development Fund accounts that Members of Parliament opened. However, these accounts are accumulating debt. As you might be aware, since 2023, we have not yet received Constituency Development Funds that are meant to ensure development in every constituency. As a prerequisite, we opened accounts that were meant to ensure smooth and transparent transfer of Constituency Development Funds.

         As you know, banks pay their licence fees according to the number of accounts they service even if the accounts are not in use. Banks continue to charge them because they are also being charged. Thus, these accounts are becoming a burden to us legislators. Some of us are parting away with our hard-earned cash, personal money, to maintain these accounts and we have reached a breaking point. With me here, I have a bank statement showing what I kept paying to keep the account active knowing how difficult the process was to open these accounts.

         I understand that there is a percentage allocated to bank charges when CDF finally comes. However, I wish to highlight that this percentage might be insufficient since our CDF accounts have suffered bank charges for almost three years without being funded. The disappointing part is that once the account is closed, the bank may need a justification to explain why we think it is time the account will be funded; a question I am certain that it will be difficult to prove. Moreover, if the frozen account is reopened, it is possible that the bank charges incurred in arrears might be charged a reasonable chunk from the constituency fund.

         My request therefore, to the Minister of Finance, Economic Development and Investment Promotion, is that he issues a Statutory Instrument that exempts all CDF bank accounts from paying account service charges if the Government is not yet in a position to immediately channel funds to these accounts. I submit.

         THE ACTING SPEAKER: The Administration of Parliament, can you please follow up with the Minister concerned.

         HON. MUSHORIWA: My point is actually a point of privilege. As you maybe aware, Parliament is one of the institutions that churns a lot of information and literature, the number of Bills, Order Papers and Vote and Proceedings and a lot of information that is tabled in this House and in various Committees. What has necessitated me to stand up is that my phone today collapsed because Parliament has failed to give Members of Parliament laptops or tablets to make sure that they store the information, given that we have gone paperless.

Now, the other challenge that we then face at this Parliament, if you want to research, we do not have a library. There is no library at this beautiful and magnificent building making it difficult for MPs to go and research or to just go on to a computer and check some information. I need this and we ask the Hon. Speaker to do two things.  The first thing we ask is that the Hon. Speaker should assist by standing on behalf of the Members of Parliament because we now believe that the problem of acquiring tablets and laptops is not the problem of Parliament Administration but this is a problem that is coming from the Ministry of Finance to make sure that the work of Parliament is not done fairly well. So, we need the Hon. Speaker, as the head of Parliament, to make sure that he stands for Parliament to ensure that we carry our oversight role. We have tablets or laptops that can actually contain all the information generated at this Parliament.

Secondly, we also need the Speaker to urgently cause and resuscitate a Library Committee so that it can quickly make sure that a library is set up here just like we used to have at the Old Parliament so that Members will be in a position to research their work, not the current set-up  where many people, when it comes to debating Bills, they will not do so not because they do not know but because storing information is difficult on these small phones. I thank you.

THE ACTING SPEAKER (HON. MAUNGANIDZE): You have raised very important points; our world has gone digital and I think we need to adopt the same. Administration, may you please take note of that?

*HON. MAKUMIRE: I stood up to raise a very troublesome issue, an issue which is of concern to all of us. The issue of the economy. A lot of people are really –

HON. TOGAREPI: Madam Speaker, the policy in this House is we should have three points of national interest but we now have four.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Thank you for correcting me Government Chief Whip. I have to correct procedure. Hon. Makumire, you may raise your point of interest in the next session.

HON. G. K. HLATYWAYO: Hon. Mushoriwa did not have a point of national interest. It was a point of privilege. So, we only had two points of national interest. I think Hon. Makumire must be allowed to proceed.

*THE ACTING SPEAKER: Hon. Mushoriwa stood when we were doing points of national interest and as the Speaker, I believe that what he raised is important and affects a lot of people.

MOTION

                                    BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE

         HON. TOGAREPI: Thank you Madam Speaker, I move that Order Numbers 1 to 9 be stood over until Order Number 10 has been disposed of.

         HON. KAMBUZUMA:  I second.

Motion put and agreed to.

MOTION

REPORT OF THE DELEGATION TO THE 56^TH PLENARY ASSEMBLY SESSION OF THE SADC PARLIAMENTARY FORUM HELD IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA

HON. NKOMO: I move the motion standing in my name that

this House takes note of the report of the delegation to the 56^th Plenary Assembly Session of the SADC Parliamentary Forum held in Livingstone, Zambia from 8^th to 15^th December, 2024.        

         HON. KAMBUZUMA: I second.

         HON. NKOMO:  

INTRODUCTION

Mr. Speaker, thank you for the opportunity to present this report. The 56^th Plenary Assembly of the SADC Parliamentary Forum, hosted by the National Assembly of Zambia from 8^th  to 15th December 2024 under the theme “Leveraging Technology and Innovation for Smart, Inclusive and Responsive Parliaments in the SADC Region,” provided a significant platform for advancing digital governance. From the onset, let me acknowledge and thank that your delegation was ably led by our own Hon. Adv. Speaker Mudenda. I will now summarise the report and go through the key issues and the full document will subsequently be circulated to all Hon. Members for your participation in further debate. Thank you,

The 56^th Plenary Assembly Session of the SADC Parliamentary Forum (SADC PF) was graciously hosted by the National Assembly of Zambia from the 8^th to 15^th December 2024 under the theme: “Leveraging Technology and Innovation for Smart, Inclusive and Responsive Parliaments in the SADC Region”. 

The Zimbabwe delegation was led by Hon. Advocate Jacob Francis Nzwidamilimo Mudenda, Speaker of the Parliament of Zimbabwe, and it comprised the following Members of Parliament: -

• Maybe Mbowa, Member of the Standing Committee on Gender Equality, Women Advancement and Youth Development, Chairperson of the Zimbabwe Women’s Parliamentary Caucus (ZWPC) and Member of the Executive Committee of the SADC PF;
• Chinhenza Chigwadzara (Chief Matsiwo), Member of the Standing Committee on Food, Agriculture, Natural Resources and Climate Action;
• Tendai Nyabani, Chairperson of the Standing Committee on Democratisation, Governance and Human Rights;
• Mercy Mugomo, Member of the Standing Committee on Trade, Industry, Finance and Investment; and
• Lynette Karenyi, Member of the Standing Committee on Human and Social Development and Special Programmes.

Hon. Speaker Mudenda was received in Livingstone by Zimbabwe’s Ambassador to Zambia, Her Excellency Charity Charamba.

BACKGROUND AND THEME

Themed “Leveraging Technology and Innovation for Smart, Inclusive and Responsive Parliaments in the SADC Region,” the Plenary Assembly meetings aimed to foster regional dialogue on modernising Parliamentary processes through the application of digital technologies, especially the positive application of digital technologies.

The theme is apt as the Parliament of Zimbabwe is poised to lead legislative innovation in the SADC region by integrating the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in its Parliamentary processes as given impetus by Speaker Mudenda, a major proponent of the AI application in Parliamentary business. This forward-thinking approach, including the proposed establishment of the “Digital Technologies Committee of the Future”, should position the Parliament of Zimbabwe as a trailblazer in modern digital governance, thereby aligning with emerging best global practices relative to the application of digital technologies in socio-economic development in Zimbabwe.

The initiative underscores a commitment towards inclusivity, transparency and responsiveness, ensuring that the tripartite Parliamentary roles of oversight, representation and legislation serve the evolving socio-economic needs of the Zimbabwe citizenry in the 21^st century. The regional indaba’s main objective was to chart a pathway for leveraging digital technology in order to build smart, inclusive, democratic and responsive Parliaments in the region.

OFFICIAL OPENING OF THE 56^TH SADC-PF PLENARY ASSEMBLY SESSION

The 56^th Plenary Assembly Session of the SADC Parliamentary Forum (SADC-PF) was officially opened by Her Honour, Mrs. W.K. Mutale Nalumango, Vice President of the Republic of Zambia, on behalf of His Excellency, President Hakainde Hichilema of the Republic of Zambia.

 

                 In her keynote address, Vice President W.K. Mutale Nalumango, expressed fraternal and cordial welcome to all Parliamentarians present. The Vice- President of the Republic of Zambia, commended the signing of the Agreement to amend the Treaty to establish a regional Parliament by 12 SADC Member States. She expressed optimism that the remaining Member States would soon follow suit. Highlighting Zambia’s commitment, she pledged full support for operationalisation of the Regional Parliament, emphasizing its paramouncy in the region and the African continent as an anchor to the Pan African Parliament (PAP) and the African Union (AU). Furthermore, the SADC Parliament will be the fifth cog to the PAP, which to date has been the missing gap.

Acknowledging challenges like data privacy, cybersecurity and e-waste, she assured delegates of Zambia’s efforts to establish a robust data protection legal framework. She expressed keen interest in the Assembly’s deliberations and resolutions, emphasizing the criticality of leveraging digital technology to build inclusive, responsive Parliaments and strengthen citizen trust.

The Vice President concluded her address by reaffirming Zambia’s dedication to fostering a conducive environment for ICT investment and innovation, positioning the country in contributing the region’s transformative economic growth.

Prior to Her Honour Namalunga delivering her speech, Hon Credo Nanjuwa, MP, the Provincial Minister for Southern Province welcomed delegates and expressed Zambia’s pride in hosting the SADC PF and underscored Livingstone’s historical significance as the cradle of Zambia’s legislative evolution since 1924 and being Zambia’s tourist capital. He commended the SADC PF Forum for choosing Livingstone as a venue for its meeting. The Rt. Hon. Nelly Mutti, Speaker of Zambia’s National Assembly, had earlier on extended a warm welcome to the delegates as she outlined the urgent need for Members of Parliament to use digital tools to enhance legislative work. She highlighted Zambia’s commitment to digital transformation and Parliamentary modernisation, citing the centenary celebrations of the National Assembly as a milestone in the country’s democratic journey.

Ms. Boemo Sekgoma, Secretary General of the SADC PF, called out credentials of all the Parliamentary delegates in attendance country by country. Ms. Sekgoma also commended Zambia for its educational strides, especially the use of digital technologies and e-governance.

Gender focus took centre stage as Hon. Shally Josepha Raymond, Chairperson of the Regional Women’s Parliamentary Caucus, marked the conclusion of the Global 16 Days Campaign against Gender-Based Violence, where she encouraged MPs to take a leading role in tackling the scourge of Gender-Based violence in the SADC region.

Hon. Roger Mancienne, President of SADC PF and Speaker of the National Assembly of Seychelles, highlighted the forum’s

achievements and outlined strategic goals under the newly crafted Strategic Plan 2024-2028.

The Plenary Assembly Session was officially opened by Vice President W.K. Mutale Nalumango, who welcomed delegates and underscored Zambia’s commitment to establishing a robust regional Parliament. Various speakers highlighted Zambia's strides in digital transformation, legislative modernisation and gender empowerment, while celebrating the nation’s historical legacy in regional liberation movements. Notably, Speaker Mudenda delivered a heartfelt vote of thanks that resonated with the audience. He lauded the impeccable hospitality and preparatory efforts of the Zambian Government and Parliament. His tribute to Zambia’s pivotal role in the liberation struggle and his call for collective progress left a lasting impression on all present.

Speaker Adv. Mudenda extended warm fraternal greetings from the SADC Summit Chairman, His Excellency, President Dr. Emmerson Mnangagwa, the People and the Parliament of Zimbabwe to the Zambian President Hakainde Hichilema. Zambia remains a shining example in the movement of the transformation agenda of SADC PF, Speaker Mudenda highlighted.

 

 

Furthermore, Speaker Adv. Mudenda posited that while embracing the Fourth Industrial Revolution which is driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI), Parliaments must be mindful of information security threats as a critical aspect in adopting ICTs. To that an extent, Parliaments must enact appropriate legislation to mitigate the negative effects of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) and AI.

Additionally, he exhorted legislators to advance economic emancipation for the benefit of citizens in the aftermath of successful liberation struggles whose roots can be traced to Zambia as it was the home of the Southern Africa liberation movements. In that regard, Speaker Mudenda highlighted Zambia’s role as the cradle of Southern Africa’s search for freedom and independence as the country had endured colonialist brutal retaliation through fatal bombings of guerilla camps and economic sabotage against Zambia as a frontline State supporting liberation movements unflinchingly. To that an extent, Speaker Mudenda invoked Kenneth Kaunda’s galvanising liberation clarion call, Tiyende Pamodzi ndimutima umodzi, Tuluke Zambezi Ndimtima umozi, let us march forward together with a unity of purpose as we cross the Zambezi River, which inspired Southern Africa’s liberation movements.

Further, in his vote of thanks, Speaker Mudenda commended the impeccable hospitality arrangements by the Zambian Government and its Parliament to delegates. Similar hospitality was demonstrated in 2016 when Zambia hosted the Inter-Parliamentary Union Plenary Assembly and Related Meetings in Lusaka, wherein 1500 delegates from 179 Parliaments attended.

The Hon. Speaker, as a “He for She Champion”, celebrated regional progress driven by female leaders in positions of influence exemplified by the Guest of Honour, Vice President Nalumango, Namibia’s first female President, Her Excellency, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, Tanzania’s President, Her Excellency, Samia Suluhu Hassan, and former Malawi President Mrs. Joyce Banda. In that context, Speaker Mudenda lauded Zambia’s Vice President, Her Honour, Mrs. W.K. Nalumango, for publishing her memoirs entitled, “True to Me: A Memoir of Loss, Resilience, Faith and Service to My Country”.

Speaker Adv. Mudenda concluded his vote of thanks by extolling the SADC PF President, Speaker Roger Mancienne and the Secretary General, Ms. Boemo Segkoma, for the immaculate preparatory arrangements in the hosting of the 56^th SADC PF Plenary Assembly and related meetings in Zambia.

COCKTAIL DINNER IN HONOUR OF PROFESSOR PETER HITJITEVI KATJAVIVI

On 9^th December 2024, the SADC PF hosted a Valedictory Cocktail Dinner in honour of Professor Peter HitjiteviKatjavivi, the esteemed Speaker of the Parliament of Namibia and long-serving member of the SADC PF Executive Committee. The event, held at the Radisson Blu, Mosi-oa-Tunya, brought          together Presiding Officers, Parliamentarians and several          stakeholders to celebrate Professor Katjavivi’s remarkable legacy of public service and unwavering commitment to regional integration, democracy and good governance in Southern Africa and beyond.

The Valedictory Dinner forms part of the SADC PF’s Legacy Project, which aims to commemorate Professor Katjavivi’s exemplary leadership and ensure his inspiring journey is remembered by future generations of Parliamentarians and leaders.

As Professor Katjavivi prepares to retire in March 2025, the celebration served as a befitting acknowledgment of his distinguished public service and enduring legacy in the service of the SADC citizenry through his sterling leadership in the SADC PF Executive Committee as well as being the Host Speaker of the institution whose Headquarters is in Namibia.  

         In a night marked by profound reflection and heartfelt tributes, the House was unanimous in exuding Professor Katjavivi’s unflinching dedication in advancing regional inter-parliamentary cooperation and unity. His pivotal role in advocating for the Transformation of the SADC PF into a fully-fledged SADC Parliament was highlighted as one of his many outstanding contributions to the region’s socio-political and economic development.

In response and in a deeply emotional reflection during the 56^th SADC PF Plenary Assembly, the Speaker of the National Assembly of Namibia, Professor Katjavivi expressed his utmost gratitude for the moving valedictory tribute tendered by Speaker Mudenda to the extent that the Professor acknowledged how he had difficulty in holding back the swell of tears as he listened to the tribute. Furthermore, the Professor indicated how he felt touched by the selection of Livingstone as the venue of the 56^th Plenary Assembly at which the tribute was being publicly expressed, a town from where he departed to Tanzania, then Tanganyika, in the company of two comrades among whom was Joe Modise who became one of the Commanders of Umkhonto Wesizwe.

 

As he retires, Professor Katjavivi then made a commitment that he would be available in the service of SADC PF as it transforms into a Regional Parliament. At the same time, he urged delegates to the 56^th Plenary Assembly to remain totally committed to the ideals of the SADC Parliamentary Forum, especially in the institution’s quest for advancing democracy, inalienable fundamental human rights and freedoms, the rule of law and economic freedom of Southern Africa.

         SYMPOSIUM ON THE THEME

         A Symposium on the theme was held on 10^th December 2024. During the Symposium, it became clear that the adoption of new digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, could result in enhanced efficiency in Parliamentary operations as it had the potential to eliminate inherent inefficiencies. However, there was need for full appreciation and mitigation of the possible dangers inherent in such technology if it was to be used safely.

         The Parliament of Zimbabwe has developed its 7^th Institutional Strategic Plan (ISP) covering the period 2025 to 2029.  The Institutional Strategic Plan has identified five Key Result Areas which are expected to be attained during the period 2025 to 2029.  Central to our deliberations in Zambia were Key Result Area Number Five, which focuses on the transformation of our Parliament into a modern and well-resourced institution which is capable of meeting the challenges of contemporary governance.  To actualise this vision, the Strategic Plan proposes a series of strategic initiatives.  Among these initiatives is the need to embrace digital technologies driven by Artificial Intelligence as the anchor. 

AI presents a transformative opportunity for Zimbabwe’s Parliament, enabling advanced policy analysis, legislative drafting and public sentiment synthesis through digital analytics. Inspired by benchmarks such as Canada’s Digital Charter and Estonia’s e-Parliament, Zimbabwe aims to leverage AI to enhance     transparency and inclusivity in policymaking. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) platforms to streamline Parliamentary processes, drawing from the UK Parliament’s Digital Strategy, underscores the vision for establishing a citizen-centric Zimbabwe       e-Parliament.

A hallmark of Zimbabwe’s legislative innovation is the swift production and online publication of the Hansard within three and          a half hours of adjournment, setting a regional standard in Southern Africa. This prompt dissemination of parliamentary debates via digital platforms, including the Parliament’s website and social media, democratises access to proceedings and enhances global public engagement, reinforcing transparency and   accountability in governance.

In this regard, the proposed Digital Technologies Committee of the Future embodies Zimbabwe’s forward-thinking approach to e-Parliament. Inspired by Finland's successful          model, the          Committee will explore emerging technologies like blockchain and renewable energy, pilot AI-based policy tools and address challenges such as climate change action and demographic shifts. It will also act as a hub for collaboration with the academia, the techno-savvy and civil society to drive legislative innovation.

Zimbabwe’s integration of AI and ICT systems into its Parliamentary frameworks is a commitment to citizen-centric e-Parliament systems. This vision underscores Zimbabwe’s potential to harmonize tradition with digital innovation and ensures that its democratic institutions remain adaptive and impactful in the spirit of accountable governance.

ZIMBABWE'S PROGRESS REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 54^TH SADC PF PLENARY ASSEMBLY RESOLUTIONS

On 12^th December 2024, the Zimbabwe delegation presented its Country Progress Report on the Resolutions from the 55^th SADC Parliamentary Forum Plenary Assembly Session held in Luanda, Angola from 2^nd to 7^th July 2024. The report reaffirmed Zimbabwe's commitment to the promotion of renewable energy, enhancement of policies towards women advancement, regional integration, climate resilience, gender equality, youth empowerment and sustainable development as outlined in the resolutions adopted at the forum.

Speaker Adv.Mudenda’s report, ably presented by Hon. Maybe Mbowa,  Member of Parliament and the Chairperson of the Zimbabwe’s Women’s Parliamentary Caucus, emphasized the laudable strides made by Zimbabwe in implementing resolutions of the July 2024  Plenary Assembly as follows;

 

The Report on the resolution under the theme: “The Role of Parliaments in Promoting Renewable Energy Policies in the SADC Region and Creating a Single Regional Energy Market”.

Recommendation number one (1) “Urges Member Parliaments to enact and amend national laws that encourage investment in renewable energy technologies, including solar, wind, biomass, and hydropower, to align with global climate objectives”.  The Second Session of the 10^th Parliament of Zimbabwe prioritised the amendment of the Rural Electrification Fund Act to expedite the installation of renewable energy mini grids in the rural areas.  Additionally, Parliament in conjunction with the Executive, is facilitating the rolling out of the National Energy Efficiency Policy to enhance investments in new energy generation plants.  Recommendation number two (2) “Urges Member States of the SADC region to support legislation that promotes the development of renewable energy infrastructure, ensuring that investments are directed toward innovative and scalable energy solutions that can be adopted at both national and regional levels”. In line with this trajectory, the National Renewable Energy Policy (NREP) is already in place and lays the groundwork for renewable energy development in the country with an ambitious target of attaining installed capacity of 1,100 MW by 2025 and 2,100 MW by 2030. To regulate the sector, the Energy Regulatory Authority Act (ZERA Act) creates the Zimbabwe Energy Regulatory Authority (ZERA) whose mandate is to oversee the licensing of Independent Power Producers (IPPs). Furthermore, the Joint Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Renewable Energy Fund is a significant initiative aimed at addressing financing barriers in the renewable energy sector. This fund promotes local infrastructure investments and supports gender-responsive and inclusive renewable energy projects.

Report on the resolutions under the theme: “Enhancing the role of Parliament in Empowering Women for Economic Prosperity in the SADC Region Removing Barriers to Financial Inclusion of Women”.

Recommendation number one (1): “Calls on Member Parliaments to promote the integration of SADC Strategy on Financial Inclusion and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Access to Finance (2023-2028) and its implementation by SADC Member states”.  In conformity with this resolution, Parliament enacted the Zimbabwe Microfinance Act which promotes financial inclusion, especially for women. The Act provides a legal framework for microfinance institutions to operate and offer financial services to underserved populations, including women and youths, as well as persons with disabilities. Furthermore, the Zimbabwe Women's Microfinance Bank, established under this framework is meant to avail business finance specifically targeting women in rural areas and marginalised persons with disabilities.

Recommendation number four (4): “Urges member states to take key actions to improve the financial inclusion of women entrepreneurs, including gender-responsive planning and budgeting, such as providing tax reliefs or subsidies to encourage the growth of women-led ventures, and gender-responsive procurement by mainstreaming gender in procurement, empowering women entrepreneurs, sourcing strategically, subcontracting and managing and improving performance through benchmarking and capacity building.”  In keeping with this recommendation, the Government of Zimbabwe made a significant commitment to gender equality by introducing Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) through the Budget Call Circular Number 1 of 2021 from Treasury which made it mandatory for all public institutions to mainstream gender and allocate resources for gender equity in their budgets.  This initiative aims to ensure that the budgeting process is gender sensitive. To promote gender-sensitive procurement, the Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets Act (Chapter 22:23) section 29 (b) encourages the participation of women and other marginalized groups in public procurement by setting aside a portion of contracts specifically for these groups.  It mandates that procuring entities consider gender balance when awarding contracts as a way of promoting equity for women’s participation.

Recommendation number six (6): “Calls upon member states to develop and promote financial products specifically designed for women, such as savings accounts, microloans and insurance, tailored to meet their unique needs and preferences”. To this end, the Cooperatives Act in Zimbabwe provides for the formation, operations and regulation of cooperatives, promoting self-help and economic empowerment initiatives for women in communities.  In addition, the proposed Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies (SACCOs) Bill is designed to enhance financial inclusion for women and youths through savings and access to credit for emerging enterprises.

Recommendation number eight (8): “Implores member states to promote digital financial services, such as mobile banking and e-wallets, to enhance women’s access to banking, payments and savings and to address barriers such as limited internet connectivity and digital literacy”. Parliament, in conjunction with the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ), facilitated the National Financial Inclusion Strategy (2022-2026) which has greatly improved women mobile banking and economic empowerment in the financial services sector.  By enhancing access to financial services, promoting safety, and improving financial literacy, mobile banking can play a pivotal role in transforming the socio-economic status of women.  According to RBZ 2023 data, the National Financial Inclusion Strategy 2022-2026 has increased uptake and usage of mobile money by 63% of the total population and thus, is a key driver in formal financial inclusion. Additionally, 72% of households were said to have had access to a bank, micro finance, or mobile money account thereby enabling them to transact digitally.

Report on the resolutions under the theme: “Collaborative Approach in Addressing Violence against Women in Elections and Politics in the SADC region-The Role of Parliament”. Recommendation number one (1) “Calls on national Parliaments to ensure a coordinated and collaborative approach with other stakeholders to address all forms of violence against women, through the enactment and enforcement of comprehensive laws, the establishment of robust oversight mechanisms, and the implementation of widespread public awareness campaigns”.  The Parliament of Zimbabwe plays a key role in enacting and amending laws that address Gender-Based Violence (GBV), including politically motivated violence against women. To that effect, Parliament enacted the Domestic Violence Act and the Sexual Offences Act, which provide legal protections for survivors and hold perpetrators accountable. Recently, the High-Level Political Compact (HLPC) under the Spotlight Initiative launched in 2021 brought together various stakeholders, including Parliament and the Executive to promote political commitment and engagement to address and curtail Gender Based Violence against women, including during elections.

The Zimbabwe Women Parliamentary Caucus has been actively involved in raising awareness and among the members of the public and within their constituencies about the dangers of Gender Based Violence Against Women in Elections. The strategy is aimed at encouraging women to support each other during any elections.  Every year, the ZWPC together with its partners participate, in the commemorations of the 16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence. These activities have contributed significantly to increasing awareness among the people on the urgent need to curb GBV.

Report on the resolution on: “Advancing the AU Agenda 2040 for Children: Strengthening Parliamentary Engagement for Child-centred legislation and policies”.

Recommendation number five (5): “Encourages national Parliaments to support legislation and policies aimed at achieving universal access to quality education, particularly for marginalised and vulnerable children, and expand healthcare services to include comprehensive child health and mental health support”. The Education Amendment Act in Zimbabwe represents a significant step towards enhancing the protection of child rights within the educational system. This Act aims to address various issues related to access to education, the quality of education, and the overall well-being of learners in schools.

Report on the resolution on the theme: “Role of Parliament in Mitigating Electoral Risks and Building Greater Resilience into Electoral Processes in the SADC Region.”

Recommendation number one (i) “Calls for the establishment of regular dialogue and cooperation between EMBs and Parliaments to address emerging electoral challenges in view of their important respective roles in enhancing electoral integrity in the SADC region.” In line with this recommendation, the Electoral Code of Conduct for Political Parties and Candidates and other Stakeholders, contained in the Fourth Schedule of the Electoral Act of Zimbabwe, section 12 (1) provides that Political Parties will participate in multiparty liaison committees chaired by the Zimbabwe Electoral Commission (ZEC). The meetings are aimed at facilitating dialogue, gather insights, and ensure that parties are well-informed about the electoral process.

Recommendation number four (iv) “Calls for the establishment of robust regulatory frameworks by national Parliaments in the SADC region to address misinformation and disinformation and regulate social media during elections in order to eliminate harms such as cyber violence and safeguard the integrity of electoral processes.” The Cyber and Data Protection Act of Zimbabwe, enacted in 2021, serves as a crucial legal framework designed to regulate online activities, protect personal data, and combat cybercrime, including the challenges posed by disinformation and misinformation through the abuse of Artificial Intelligence. It establishes measures to enhance cybersecurity and thereby protects the integrity of the information economy against unauthorized access and malicious activities to the public. In addition, the Act places responsibilities on online platforms and service providers to monitor and manage content shared on their sites. This includes taking action against users who disseminate false information.

Report on the resolution on: “Progress, opportunities and challenges for SADC Member States under the African Continental Free Trade Agreement, Agenda 2063 and Programme for Infrastructural Developmental for Africa: Re-Harnessing the Role of Members of Parliament in Regional Trade and Economic Integration”.

Recommendation number four (4): “Appeals to SADC Member States to institute value addition laws and policies on the production of critical minerals such as lithium and chrome before export to ensure that locals benefit wholly through employment creation, contribution to revenue collection and industrialisation”. The Zimbabwean government imposed a 5% tax on unprocessed ore, which was later reduced to 1% after all lithium producing companies submitted their beneficiation plans by the Second Quarter of 2024.  Furthermore, lithium and chrome beneficiation was given a span of not more than five years. No licencees are being granted to prospective lithium and chrome company without approval of a beneficiation plan. Recommendation number five (5) “Urges Members States to stay informed and actively participate in ongoing trade negotiations, addressing issues like tariffs, rules of origin, investment and digital trade”. Following Zimbabwe’s ratification of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement, on completion of negotiations on the rules of origin in 2023, we joined other 41 countries in submitting "Schedules of Tariff Concessions" to the AfCFTA Secretariat.

Recommendation number six (6): “Urges SADC Members States to enact appropriate policies and legislation that facilitate industrialisation and modernisation of critical sectors such as agriculture to ensure food security”. Presently, a New Industrial Policy is being drafted which will take effect after the launch of the National Development Strategy 2 in 2025. Furthermore, Zimbabwe recently launched the Zimbabwe Industrial Growth Plan, which aims to support local industry and reduce reliance on imports. The target is to increase the contribution by the manufacturing sector to at most 33% of GDP. In 2024, the sector is projected to grow by 1.6%, whilst capacity utilisation is expected to average 60%.

Recommendation number eight (8) “Urges SADC Member States to institute policies aimed at rehabilitating and upgrading various infrastructures including the rail and air transport system, in accordance with various AU and SADC Legal framework such as PIDA and AIDA”. Zimbabwe has registered remarkable strides in this regard. After successfully upgrading the Robert Mugabe International Airport, the Civil Aviation Amendment Bill is being aligned with international regulatory frameworks best practices.  Major roads are being rehabilitated, linking cities and neighbouring countries to meet Southern Africa Transport and Communications Commission (SATCC) standards.

Report on the resolution on: “Enhancing the role of regional parliamentary model laws oversight committee in monitoring the domestication of SADC model laws and implementation of related policies and laws through structured reporting frameworks and mechanisms: A look at the domestication of the Sendai Framework for disaster Risk Reduction”.

Recommendation number one (i) “Implores SADC parliaments to intensify efforts in domestication initiatives by developing strategies to raise awareness on targeted laws collaborating with partners and mobilising resources to strengthen the capacity for domestication of Model Laws”.  Zimbabwe aims for a collective, and holistic approach to effectively implement Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) strategies and programmes. Mainstreaming DRR in development planning across all sectors of the Zimbabwean economy is seen as the panacea to heighten mitigation, preparedness, adaptation capacity and resilience building in the country. This is done to conform to the National Vision 2030, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030), the Paris Agreement on climate change as well as the Sustainable Development Goals, among others. Additionally, Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies that include the Disaster Risk Management Bill, Public Health Act, Environmental Management Act, Road Traffic Act, as well as Disaster Risk Management preparedness plans and strategies are aligned to regional and international frameworks for disaster risk management.

Recommendation number six (vi) “Urges Member Parliaments to assess community concerns at the grassroots level regarding DRR and to ensure the implementation of mitigation strategies that safeguard constituents and promote proactive approaches to disaster management”.

The Disaster Risk Management (DRM) architecture in Zimbabwe takes cognisance of communities as crucial and compelling stakeholders in DRM. To that end, the Civil Protection Department leverages on support from development partners and community-based organisations in conducting Community Based Disaster Risk Management programmes. The country`s Early Warning Systems are anchored by existing regional and international bodies such as SADC Climate Services Centre, Famine Early Warning Systems (FEWSNET), World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and indigenous knowledge systems at community level. Importantly, the establishment of community radios across the country has enhanced the dissemination of pertinent information in local languages.

Responses to specific questions

Transformation of the Forum into a SADC Regional Parliament

Zimbabwe signed the Agreement Amending the Treaty for the Transformation of the SADC PF into a Regional Parliament and will endeavour to influence the Executive to ensure that the Protocol Establishing the Regional Parliament is signed as the final process to complete the Transformation matrix.

Addressing the Impact of Inflation on the Budget of the Forum

The Parliament of Zimbabwe acknowledges the financial challenges posed by inflation and exchange volatility remains committed to the Forum’s vision and Transformation agenda. Zimbabwe supports exploring measures to ensure sustainability, including the proposed increase of subscriptions as from April 2026.

Secondment of Senior Parliamentary Staff to the Forum

         Zimbabwe will advise when ready to second staff to the forum. However, the institution stands ready to second Staff on ad-hoc basis, as has always been the case.

Election Observation

While Zimbabwe acknowledges the importance of participating in Election Observation Missions (EOMs), competing national interests have hampered full participation. However, Zimbabwe remains committed to regional electoral integrity and will explore options for financial and human resource contributions in future.

Designation of a Focal Person to Monitor Domestication of Model Laws

Zimbabwe has designated the team of SRHR Researchers as focal persons within Parliament to support the Regional Parliamentary Model Laws Oversight Committee (RPMLOC). The appointed team will facilitate the monitoring of domestication efforts and ensure alignment with the Model Laws adopted by the forum.

Implementation of the 2023-2026 SRHR and Governance Project

         Zimbabwe has made significant progress in implementing the SRHR and Governance Project:

• The Agreement to implement the project has been signed and the launch took place on 3^rd October 2024.
• Parliament has utilised allocated resources to conduct awareness campaigns and stakeholder engagements.

Domestication of SADC PF Model Laws and Related          Policies/Instruments

         Zimbabwe has made notable strides in domesticating SADC PF Model Laws and related policies. For example, the SRHR Project funded the Joint Committee on Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs and Human Rights at the Parliament of Zimbabwe to carry out Public Hearings on the Death Penalty Abolition Bill [H.B. 5, 2023], Administration of Estates Amendment Bill [H.B. 3, 2024], and Criminal Laws Amendment (Protection of Children and Young Persons) [H.B. 4, 2024].  This resulted on the Criminal Laws Amendment (Protection of Children and Young Persons) Act, 2024 (No.1) Zimbabwe remains committed to advancing regional integration and legislative harmony within the SADC framework.

ADOPTION OF THE REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND THE TREASURER’S REPORT

The Executive Committee (EXCO) tabled its report for consideration and adoption by the 56^th Plenary Assembly. The EXCO of the SADC Parliamentary Forum (SADC PF) had met on 23^rd and 24^th November 2024, in Johannesburg, South Africa.

The EXCO Report, ably presented by Hon. Advocate Jacob Francis Nzwidamilimo Mudenda, Speaker of Parliament of Zimbabwe highlighted that the Executive Committee’s tenure (2022–2024) had largely achieved the objectives set at its inception, including advancing the Forum’s transformation into a Regional Parliament, resource mobilization, capacity-building initiatives and the finalisation of the Strategic Plan.

         While the transformation of the Forum and the inclusion of the Comoros remain ongoing, the EXCO was handing over with significant progress made and a solid foundation for the incoming Committee to build upon.

         The report noted the progress made by the EXCO in implementing the 2023–2024 Roadmap and encouraged the incoming EXCO to address and finalize the remaining issues. These include the transformation of the Forum into a SADC Regional Parliament, the inclusion of Comoros in the SADC PF family, and ongoing resource mobilisation efforts, including the proposed subscription increase starting in April 2026.

         It is critically important to note that Speaker Advocate Jacob Francis Nzwidamilimo Mudenda for his work in shaping the trajectory of the forum, received the Grand Defender of Democracy award and cited as “For the unflinching dedicated service, unwavering commitment to duty and iconic visionary leadership as an inspiring Member of the Executive Committee of the SADC Parliamentary Forum for the period November 2022 to December 2024” during the just ended SADC PF Plenary Assembly and related meetings. Overally, the Zimbabwe delegation under Speaker Mudenda received accolades for its active participation and epigrammatic interventions.

MOTIONS ADOPTED DURING THE 55^th PLENARY ASSEMBLY MEETINGS

Report of the Standing Committee on Democracy, Governance and Human Rights (DGHR)

The 2024 Public Hearing Session emphasized citizen participation in promoting accountability, inclusive development, and social cohesion within SADC integration efforts. Key submissions addressed strengthening SADC Parliaments, improving electoral processes, safeguarding electoral rights, and tackling regional security challenges to enhance democratic governance.

The Plenary called for collaboration with AAEA and ECF-SADC to partner with social media companies in promoting responsible digital engagement, transparency in online election information, and combating misinformation during elections.

Furthermore, SADC Member States were urged to reform electoral systems by introducing youth quotas, reducing barriers for young candidates, expanding youth-focused civic education and leveraging digital platforms for greater youth participation and representation in governance.

Standing Committee on Food, Agriculture Natural Resources and Climate Action (FANRCA)  

The SADC region faces a complex array of challenges and opportunities at the intersection of climate resilience, food security, natural resource management, and sustainable development. With climate change exacerbating vulnerabilities across the region, the imperative for coordinated and innovative approaches has never been greater. Climate-smart agriculture has emerged as a critical pathway to enhance food security and resilience, addressing the immediate impacts of climate variability on crop yields and livelihoods. The establishment of a Parliamentary Food Security and Nutrition Alliance within SADC is poised to play a pivotal role in scaling up these practices through legislative advocacy, resource mobilisation, and regional collaboration.

Report of the Standing Committee on Human and Social Development and Special Programmes (HSDSP)

The Standing Committee on Human and Social Development and Special Programmes (HSDSP) presented a report on the theme: “The Role of Parliaments in Raising, Allocating and Spending resources necessary for public health and SRHR financing.

The Committee encouraged Member States to collaborate in regional health financing initiatives, such as pooled procurement of medical supplies and shared investments in regional health infrastructure, to reduce costs and improve access to essential medicines and healthcare technologies across the SADC region.

Furthermore, the Committee urged the SADC PF Secretariat to facilitate Member States in developing sustainable health financing strategies that reduce reliance on external funding and encourage long-term investment in local health value chains, such as pharmaceutical production and health infrastructure.

         ELECTION OF OFFICE BEARERS

Pursuant to Article 11(2) of the forum’s Constitution and Rule 10 of the Rules of Procedure, the 56^th Plenary Assembly held elections to elect the new membership of the Executive Committee to lead the forum and new office bearers for the period 2024 to 2026, as follows:

1. Hon. Speaker TOKELY Justin (Madagascar) – President.
2. Sylvia Elizabeth Lucas (South Africa) – Vice President.

• Dr. Pinkie Manamolela (Lesotho) – Treasurer.

RESOLUTIONS AND WAY FORWARD

The Plenary Assembly of the SADC Parliamentary Forum resolved that Hon. Advocate Jacob Francis Nzwidamilimo Mudenda, Speaker of the Parliament of Zimbabwe and Chairman of the SADC PF Strategic Lobbying Team urgently leads the efforts to secure the remaining signatures for the Amendment of the Treaty on the Transformation of the SADC PF into a regional Parliament from Botswana, Madagascar and Mauritius, ensuring that no Member State is left behind. His mission is to expedite consultations and rally all countries to finalize the transformation of the SADC PF into a fully-fledged Regional Parliament, a process he has diligently championed for over 14 years. The SADC PF Secretariat shall provide full support to ensure the seamless and timely completion of this critical task, including making the critical appointments.

Plenary Assembly resolved to encourage Member States to embrace the citizen-centric e-Parliament model, fostering inclusive, adaptive and accountable e-governance systems that blend innovation with tradition, thereby enhancing legislative institutions across the SADC region. Building on the extraordinary leadership provided by His Excellency, President Dr. Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa, for his visionary leadership in championing the integration of digital technologies into the work of the Summit, Parliament of Zimbabwe will proactively incorporate the adoption of AI and ICT systems in its Parliamentary frameworks.

Proactively and in sync with the Theme of the 56^th Plenary Assembly meeting, Parliament of Zimbabwe to institutionalize the following:

1. Strategic Roadmap: Develop a phased digital transformation plan with clear goals.
2. Capacity Building: Train Members and staff in AI tools and cybersecurity concerns in order to build institutional capabilities in the deployment of AI in Parliamentary business.

• Pilot Projects: Introduce AI in focused areas such as legislative drafting, citizen feedback systems during public hearings and enhancing Members of Parliament’s tripartite roles of oversight, legislative and representation.

1. Ethical Guidelines: Implement legal frameworks to mitigate bias, ensure transparency and protect data integrity.
2. Collaborative Partnerships: Work with international and regional experts to share best practices so as to establish robust digital technologies which enhance the e-Parliament architecture.

In alignment with the SADC PF Parliamentary Alliance on Agrifood Systems, Food Security and Nutrition, launched in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Zimbabwe embraces the resolve to empower its Parliamentarians to spearhead legislative actions, policy reforms and advocacy efforts in this regard. This resolution underscores Zimbabwe’s proactive measures to reaffirm its commitment to combating hunger and achieving food self-sufficiency through climate-proof agriculture and sustainable practices as envisaged and spearheaded by His Excellency the President Dr. Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa, through various policy measures.

The Plenary Assembly of SADC PF resolved to place on record its profound appreciation of the distinguished service rendered by Hon. Professor Peter H. Katjavivi, Speaker of the Parliament of Namibia and Host Speaker for the SADC PF Headquarters, whose retirement is anticipated in March 2025. In recognition of his long-standing contributions to the Forum's Executive Committee, interparliamentary cooperation, regional integration and the promotion of democracy in Southern Africa, the Assembly further recommended that Hon. Prof. Katjavivi’s unmatched wisdom and diplomacy continue to be utilized in advisory and strategic capacities at both national and regional levels to advance the forum’s objectives and regional body.

The Plenary adopted the resolution Assembly mandates Parliament to institute robust and proactive measures to support the established Resource Mobilisation Committee, comprising among others, Hon. Advocate Speaker Mudenda, Hon. Speaker Thoko Didiza of South Africa and Hon. Speaker Carolina Cerqueira of Angola, to secure sustainable resources for the forum’s operations and programmes, ensuring its effectiveness in promoting regional integration and inter-parliamentary cooperation.

The Plenary Assembly resolved to recognise and support the efforts of inter-parliamentary bodies and acknowledged solidarity messages from entities such as the East African Legislative Assembly and the Forum of Parliaments of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region. To enhance democratic and institutional capacity, Parliaments are encouraged to foster collaborations with these bodies and other strategic partners to strengthen governance, legislative effectiveness and regional integration efforts.

The Plenary Assembly resolved to place on record its sincere appreciation to the National Assembly of Zambia, led by Rt. Hon. Speaker Nelly Mutti, for seamlessly hosting the 56^th Plenary Assembly and selecting a timely and relevant theme for its deliberations. The Assembly further commended the Host Parliament for organizing an Indaba on the margins of the Plenary Assembly, fostering critical dialogue on advancing women’s political leadership and governance.

The full dossier of the Plenary Assembly resolutions will be availed by the SADC Parliamentary Forum in due course for consideration by Portfolio and Thematic Committees of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. The Standing Committees at Parliament of Zimbabwe are encouraged to access full reports of the Plenary Assembly on:  https://plenary.sadcpf.org/documentation/

CONCLUSION

         The Plenary Assembly meetings concluded with the Guided Tour of the One-Stop Border Post and Kazungula Bridge and Guided tour of Mosi-Oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls.

Parliament of Zimbabwe commits itself to the full implementation of the resolutions of the Plenary Assembly which will be shared among all Members of Parliament to facilitate action by different Portfolio and Thematic Committees. 

The 57^th Plenary Assembly of the SADC PF will be held here in Victoria Falls City from 31^st May to 8^th June 2025.  This document serves as a working guide for the planning and execution of the highly anticipated Plenary Assembly in Zimbabwe. I thank you.

         HON. PINDUKA:  Thank you Madam Speaker Ma’am, good afternoon.  I rise to second the report that has been tabled by Hon. Mugomo.

Madam Speaker Ma’am, it is important for digital technologies to be harnessed in all our institutions. In this modern era, embracing digital tools is no longer a luxury but it is essential for ensuring that its important institutions such as Parliament of Zimbabwe remains effective, transparent and responsive to the needs of our people.  We must have real hands-on programmes for Members of Parliament, for example, here in Zimbabwe, to learn and master these technologies.

Madam Speaker Ma’am, that training is key if we are to keep pace with the rapid changes around us. It is not enough to simply equip ourselves with the new gadgets or a building, a modern facility without the new gadgets and the proper knowledge and skills. Even more, the advanced equipment will not save its purpose.

 

We must invest in a practical capacity building that we do not lag behind other nations in harnessing the power of digital innovation. Moreover, Madam Speaker Ma’am, as we sit in this beautiful building, it is critical that we integrate modern technologies into all its functions. We should be more modern ourselves, research here in Parliament, analyse data and even during our Committees, we are also supposed to contribute meaningfully in terms of the debates that we proffer in our respective Committees

Madam Speaker Ma’am, a new building without the necessary technological infrastructure is a missed opportunity.  It is not just about having a new physical space but about creating a state-of-the-art hub that supports our work, encourages collaboration and enhances our ability to serve our citizens efficiently. Madam Speaker Ma’am, technology is also key to the work of our standing Committees like it is highlighted in our various Committees that we sit in. Our Committee relies on digital tools to gather data, analyse trends and communicate effectively with the stakeholders.

 

Madam Speaker, by leveraging technology, we can craft better policies and drive growth in our trade sector among other sectors in our economy and ultimately contribute to a stronger national economy. I must take this opportunity to thank the Honourable Speaker, Advocate, Jacob  F. Mudenda, on outstanding leadership that he has always provided for this House. The guidance has steered us through many challenges and they have also led this House with vision and determination.

Madam Speaker, I am especially grateful for the way Honourable Speaker, Advocate Jacob Mudenda has led this House with vision and determination and I am especially grateful for the way he delivered the vote of thanks during the meeting and served as a Guest Speaker during the function hosted for Honourable Professor Katjavivi. In those moments, Advocate Mudenda held the House in the palm of his hand inspiring us all with commitment and rallying us to work together for the good of the work of Parliament.

 

Madam Speaker Ma’am, the Ministry of ICT in Zimbabwe is also spearheading the digital skills so that our nation also benefits in terms of programmes so that no one and no place is left behind as put forth by His Excellency, the President, Dr. E. D. Mnangagwa. You have also noted that the Minister of ICT is also championed the national e-learning platform which is very important in terms of advancing basic digital skills, digital literacy, ICT skills development and also digital inclusion across our nation.

 Madam Speaker, in conclusion, the issue of digital technologies is critical to our future successes.  We must provide the real training for Members of Parliament here in our National Assembly and as well as Senate and ensure that our new building meets the demands of a digital age and fully integrates technology into our operations, especially areas like trade and other key sectors of our economy. I urge all of us to commit to this initiative so that our Parliament can lead by example and truly serve the people of Zimbabwe. I would like to close my submission by also thanking Honourable Advocate Mudenda for exemplary leadership and for rallying us in this important mission.  Together we can build a modern, efficient and forward thinking Parliament that meets the challenges of today and tomorrow.  The digital space, Madam Speaker Ma’am, requires digital skills.  As we take our work in this world-class Parliament, we also need  to ensure that we push forward the issue of digital skills and information communication technologies. I would like to thank you, Madam Speaker Ma’am.

         HON. TOGAREPI: Madam Speaker, I move that the debate do now adjourned.

         HON. V. MOYO:  I second.

         Motion put and agreed to.

         Debate to resume: Tuesday, 18^th March, 2025.

MOTION

BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE

         HON. TOGAREPI:  I move that all other Orders of the Day, be stood over until Order of the Day Number 31 has been disposed of.

         HON. V. MOYO:  I second.

         Motion put and agreed to

MOTION

REVIEW AND UPDATE ON THE DRIVERS’ LICENCE TESTING REGULATIONS TO INCLUDE AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION VEHICLES

         Thirty-First Order read:  Adjourned debate on motion on the licence testing framework in Zimbabwe.

         HON. MANGONO: Thank you Madam Speaker Ma’am. I rise to add my voice on the motion which was raised by Honourable Mhetu, regarding the proposal for two categories of drivers’ licences. If you look at this motion Madam Speaker Ma’am, on paragraph A, it clearly states that the proposal is to introduce two distinct categories of drivers’ licences, one being manual and the second being automatic.

Whilst this motion takes note of the developments that have taken place over the years in terms of the prevalence of automatic vehicles, especially in this country in terms of the used vehicles that are being imported from Japan, this motion Madam Speaker proposes a system that is going to be very costly to introduce as well as to maintain. It will entail that this House would have to provide additional funding to the Ministry of Transport to be able to introduce and manage such a system. It will also bring in lame dark drivers. A driver is licenced to drive an automatic vehicle but the same driver cannot drive a manual vehicle. It means that should it happen that there would be a driver who has got a manual vehicle in his pool of vehicles, that driver would have to go and get another licence in order to drive a manual vehicle. The present system where the drivers are tested on a manual vehicle allows flexibility that once you have been licenced, you are able to drive both manual and automatic vehicles.

So, you find that when you have gone through our system of getting a driver's licence, we are coming up with a whole driver, a full driver, a driver who does not need any further testing, a driver who does not need another licence in order to drive the same class of vehicle. It will also bring another challenge in terms of enforcement. The enforcement officers, each time they are  at a roadblock or each time they are attending an accident, they would have to check physically to see if this driver has got an automatic licence.  Was he or she driving an automatic vehicle?

That is where the difficulty is or the difficulty would be introduced in terms of enforcement. I think there is merit in having our drivers in terms of the learners’ licence when they are preparing for their learner's licence. We  can have a section within the required curriculum, that speaks to automatic vehicles. There is merit in that so that the driver is aware that we have both manual as well as automatic vehicles and the difference between those two vehicles. But not to then have two distinct categories of driver's licences.

We also have to take cognisance of the prevailing situation in the region. The region, remember the majority of countries in the region have not moved towards such a set-up where you have two distinct licences. The beauty about the Zimbabwean licence at the moment is that you can easily convert it into an international driver's licence without any further testing. It also means that when you are used to driving an automatic vehicle here in Zimbabwe and you have one licence as presently existing, it means that if you go to Malawi where there will be manual vehicles for instance, it means that you can simply use your international driver's licence without having to be retested.

It means if you are going to have these two categories of licences, in terms of conversion to an international driver's licence, some will have an international driver's licence for automatic vehicles and others will have an international driver's licence for manual vehicles. You can imagine the difficulties that are brought by that kind of an arrangement. So Madam Speaker, I think we take note of what Honourable Mhetu has proposed. However, the cost and inconveniences associated with the proposal are that, this would be a proposal which I think this House should not support.

So, in a nutshell, I am saying yes, let us include aspects of automatic vehicles in terms of the oral preparation for your learner's licence, in terms of the curriculum, in terms of the coverage that is needed to be done in terms of the Highway Code. We should have sections on automatic vehicles but let us retain one licence. It makes it easier for our people, it is cheaper to administer and it is cheaper to enforce. Thank you Madam Speaker.

HON. MUKOMBERI: Thank you Madam Speaker for the opportunity granted so that I also express my opinion to the motion in question. Madam Speaker, the prayer that Zimbabwe should adopt a separate licencing system that distinguishes manual transmission drivers from automatic transmission drivers, according to my opinion, this is tantamount to bringing more harm than benefits. Although it may be a system applied in other foreign countries, may be bring some benefits to them, it is very pertinent that as a nation, we do assess our own context vis-a-vis those economies using such systems.

Allow me to centre my debate on some potential loopholes associated with Zimbabwe adopting such a driver’s licence system. The first one is that of limited flexibility. If we introduce a system of issuing separate licences for automatic drivers and manual drivers, this actually limits flexibility to the drivers themselves. Drivers with an automatic only licence may be restricted from driving manual vehicles which could limit their employment or travel options. Besides that, this may result in additional costs to the country at large. The ministry in question would be liable to actually invest a lot of funding for the development of such a system, because currently we are running a manual driver's licence system. We would need to develop another system for automatic driver's licences. Also, besides that, we need to have instructors at every VID depot who are for, specifically automatic drivers so that will actually call for an incremental budget, given our limited fiscal space as a country. This is not a welcome initiative as we are to be parsimonious on every cent that we have in our income streams as a country, that we should utilise it for production rather than developing systems that do not bring any benefit than the actual harms that they actually cost.

Thirdly, Madam Speaker, this actually increases complexity. Separate licences could lead to increased administrative complexities, including additional paperwork, testing and even record-keeping. Apart from that, this may also result in a perception of inequality among the drivers themselves, To say an automatic driver is inferior whereas a manual driver is superior because they are both drivers but possessing different licences. That implies the one who is going to choose an automatic licence may be considered inferior because it may be considered choosing an easy route to driving. That alone is a limitation associated with introducing such a system.

Madam Speaker, besides the costs that such an initiative may cause to the country at large, it may also have a negative impact on the driving schools themselves. Driving schools may need to invest in additional resources such as separate vehicles and instructors, to accommodate the separate licencing system, Which means every driving school and how many driving schools do you have in Zimbabwe? It means their profits that they have accumulated all these years they have been operating, those funds may be going to be actually invested for other developmental projects that will benefit the economy at large.

Those are going to be reinvested again in buying other vehicles that will suit an automatic licencing system and also employing further instructors to instruct the automatic learner drivers. Also, this may create a potential room for corruption. Separate licencing systems can create opportunities for corruption such as bribery and fraudulent licencing. Why? Because it will complicate, as I said, it will increase complexities in administrative systems. So as there is an increase in complexities in any system, that will also create an opportunity for corruption and other things. Also, Madam Speaker, this may result in a loophole in terms of enforcement challenges, enforcement in terms of the law enforcement agencies like police and traffic authorities. There may face difficulties in enforcing separate licencing regulations, particularly if the public is not well informed about such. Madam Speaker, it must also be noted that we are a country which is open to trade, which is open for business, which means we are liable, we are obviously going to receive visitors or tourists from other economies.

Those who will be possessing maybe from a country where one will be actually issued a licence, they may be having a different licencing system. But if we maintain a system that a licence holder may drive any vehicle in our country, it means we will be a one-size-fits-all country. It implies Madam Speaker, that it is not worth undertaking to trouble ourselves as a country, given this period where we are actually trying to meet an upper-middle-income economy by 2030, devoting resources to unnecessary innovations which do not bring any benefit to the country. Madam Speaker, I submit.

HON. MACHANGU: Good afternoon Madam Speaker Ma'am. I rise to air my views on the motion brought in by Hon. Mhetu, where he requested that there be a need of two separate vehicle licences. I am made to ask myself what has really happened. We have been transitioning well from manual to automatic. What has really happened? Where is the challenge coming from? To be a qualified driver, you need to have the test of driving the vehicle, the zeal and the control that you are a driver. Just being there seated and operating the steering, I do not feel it in my heart that you will be doing justice to the driving industry.

Madam Speaker, manual transitioning provides more control over this vehicle, especially in situations where it requires precision and driver engagement which can lead to a more enjoyable and immense driving experience. All of us here, I will assume we went through the manual driving system where all of us succeeded and we can call ourselves today that we are tested drivers. None of us has been tested in an automatic despite that we drive the automatic vehicles.

Two separate driving licences considering our economy, our country, the region and international standards, it will not be prudent. The cost of interchanging from a manual system to an automatic system will be very high. Our system where these people are being tested requires a system that has been aligned to other standards. Madam Speaker Ma’am, can you imagine you have a licence that requires you to drive your manual vehicle then it happens that your friend lends you an automatic vehicle, what will happen there? You need to stop or wait and call somebody to come and help you to drive that car that your friend has just lent you.  It will not be prudent and intelligent. It will not be good for you actually to be harmed than good.

Madam Speaker Ma'am, if I can give an elaborate example. Some 10 to15 years ago when these automatic vehicles came into being commonly in Zimbabwe, I recall, I cannot remember the year, one lady parked her car, an automatic car at Nando's there in Bulawayo. Those who come from Bulawayo may recall and testify. That lady thought that she had put her vehicle in reverse. It was an automatic. Instead, it was on drive. She went straight into Nando's and killed people because of lack of experience. Another scenario, I have got a sister, who trained using a manual vehicle.  Soon after obtaining her licence, she started using an automatic vehicle.  She has been driving this automatic vehicle for over 10 years and now she cannot switch over to driving a manual vehicle.  We always laugh at her saying, you are now a disabled person, you cannot really drive an automatic vehicle, yet you are failing to drive a vehicle which you used until you got your driver’s licence.  So, to allude to what others have said, I shall not repeat what has been said, like the cost of the drivers, system being changed, the cost of the operators; the cost of the vehicle inspector, it has been said and everything.  The international standards that somebody would not be conforming to is a lie because if you go to South Africa, if you have got your manual licence, you are eligible to drive.  If you go to Zambia or wherever, you can drive.  Can you imagine if we have two separate licences, the other one is a manual and the other one is an automatic?  Mind you, having a manual licence, a class four licence would be a bonus to drive a tractor, which is a class five.  Some of us have tractors, so you enjoy driving even on your farm, you would not be required to produce another driver’s licence to drive on your farm because automatically they would have assessed you that you are able to drive a vehicle that is operated manually.

         Even our heavy trucks, few are automated.  The majority of them are still manual system.  I will not take much of our time but I would like to argue that the separate system of licencing would not be prudent in Zimbabwe.  Maybe we are not yet ready for it now. I thank you.

         *HON. KARIMATSENGA-NYAMUPINGA: Thank you Madam Speaker Ma’am.  I would like to support the motion that has been discussed.  This is a very important issue, an issue which affects many people in Zimbabwe. First, in terms of getting a driver’s licence, we also look at a lot of factors.  I want to focus on what was raised by Hon. Mhetu the mover of the motion that there should be two drivers’ licences and two different tests, which will be undertaken by people who aspire to get driver’s licences.  He argued that people would be able to choose whether they are taking automatic drivers’ licences or manual drivers’ licences.

         Looking at this issue, I believe that this is a good issue but it needs interrogation because when we have two drivers’ licence, you would find that someone would have an automatic car and another one has a manual car.  Then a person who choses to take an automatic driver’s licence who eventually buys a manual car might end up causing accidents on our roads.  So, those who instruct learner drivers in driving schools should teach their learners both automatic and manual vehicles because most of us have manual cars.  It is easy for us to transition from manual cars to automatic.  It might be a bit rocky when you try to transition, when there is no clutch, sometimes you will miss the clutch.  The first day you might end up in an accident.  My point is that we need to generate a manual where people will be taught when they do their oral lessons.  There must not be two manuals but just one instruction manual, which must have a chapter on automatic driving so that student learners would read both manual and automatic instructions from the same manual.  Even when they go for their tests, there should be one test and the test should allude to both manual and automatic driving.  The test should be all encompassing.  This would make it easy for our people because they will not have to pay money for manual tests and then automatic tests.  There will be less expenses since they will be paying for just one test that will cover both manual and automatic driving lessons.  Even for Government, they would not incur expenses in printing different books for manual tests and for automatic tests.  This would not happen and even in the region or globally, I have never heard about people who have two licences, automatic and manual.  Best practices, globally, there is one driver’s licence.  So, we do not want to deviate from the norm where people will say that in Zimbabwe, there is a manual driver’s licence and an automatic driver’s licence.  When you buy an automatic or manual car, you will be told that you cannot drive it because you have a different licence.  This is time consuming and this will fuel corruption.  People would end up saying as long as I can drive, it does not matter.  I am going to urge that Government through the Highway Code or the new manual should talk about both manual and automatic driving.  This will make it easier for people who aspire to acquire drivers’ licences and even for Government.  This is in line with regional and global trends, where there is a universal licence.

         The law was enacted long back during colonial times.  Now, things are changing and now things are evolving.  There were no automatic cars then, now there are automatic vehicles, we need to embrace change because change will always happen.  In the past, we used to use heavy cellphones but now cellphones are getting lighter as they manufacture new types.  So, we need to accept that automatic cars are in existence and we need to accept that change.  Even mushika shika cars, most of them are automatic cars.  We need to ensure that people are taught both automatic and manual cars.  When you go for examination, you need to understand both automatic and manual cars.  Even VID instructors and examiners should understand that there should be cars which can use both automatic and manual so that examiners and instructors would not say that we only have manual cars and now we are forced to buy automatic cars. When the law changes, then it means that driving schools should have cars which respond to the law. I propose that our law should be all-encompassing and it should adhere to regional and global standards where we have one universal licence in our nation which allows for both manual and automatic cars so that we will be uniform with others. We must not be left alone where people say that Zimbabwe has a different set up, we need best practices.

At one point, I lost a driver’s licence and took it a long time. When I went to the responsible authorities, there were so many driver’s licences. So, when there are manual licences and automatic licences, it means that we need more storage facilities. Indeed, let us learn both automatic and manual cars but we do not need two licences, we need an all in one, a universal licence with both manual and automatic. I thank you.

^*HON. CHIGUMBU: Good afternoon Hon. Speaker. I want to thank you for this opportunity and I want to support the motion that was moved by the Hon. Member. I understand that the request might seem cumbersome and it might seem as if it is adding on the burden to the Government.

So, I want to explain the advantages of this proposal. With the advent of technology, a lot of things are evolving. For example, if we look at the database, you would find that in the past the cars that were used are now changing to automatic cars. It is important to consider that if someone can drive an automatic car and owns an automatic vehicle, that person should be given a licence which allows the person to drive an automatic car.

Also looking at best practices in other countries, licences are given but what is expected is that the driver should observe the rules and regulations of the road irrespective of the car the motorist is driving, whether it is a manual or automatic. If someone says that I am able to drive an automatic car and wants an automatic licence, it must be written that it is an automatic driver’s licence.

         What is happening is that people have different licences and they are not allowed to drive different cars. For example, there are different classes, so we are not adding on the burden to Government because already people have different driver’s licences and different classes but when this proposal is taken up, it means that a lot of things should happen.

 Firstly, in different departments, for example law enforcement agencies would realise that a lot of people are corrupt, they just get drivers licences so that they drive automatic cars. What we need to talk about after enacting this law is that, will our police be able to enforce this law and to observe whether people are adhering to the law? Drivers with manual and automatic drivers’ licences, will they be sticking to their respective drivers’ licences? It is important that Government and the police should monitor and arrest those who drive without proper licences. For example, people driving a manual car without a driver’s licence using an automatic driver’s licence because this will leave us with the challenge of monitoring that people are adhering to their stipulated driver’s licences. When it is a manual driver’s licence, then the person should stick to a manual driver’s licence. If it is an automatic driver’s licence then the motorist should stick to that.

         We need to ensure that when the police go to do spot checks along the roads, they must work with due diligence because this might also fuel corruption. This is an issue which needs to be interrogated and there is an issue that was raised by the Minister of Transport in the past. The issue of smart transport management system, if this is done as a matter of urgency and if these systems are put in place, this would ensure that such thoughts and ideas would be done without corruption.

         I believe that cameras are not very expensive. When we put such laws and mechanisms, they should be followed. When police are manning the main roads, then there should be proper mechanisms in place to avoid corruption even at VID. The issue of corruption should be avoided but you would find that people are told to go and take manual drivers’ licences yet most of them would have bought automatic cars and it is known that no matter how good you are at driving, you do not pass at the VID.  So, the issues to do with corruption need to be looked into. For example, I might want to buy my mother a car but she is a bit old for her to drive a manual car and it might be difficult. It will be easy for her to use automatic car. So, even for those who are now old, it might be difficult for them to get manual drivers’ licences. This is a good proposal but we need to look at what others have done so that when this is implemented, there should not be corruption. I support this idea and it will make life easier for the people of Zimbabwe, especially for those with automatic cars. When you have an automatic car, you just go and get your driver’s licence but you cannot drive an automatic car, the Highway Code should be learnt universally because everyone who uses the road should understand the Highway Code, even those who ride bicycles.  So, I believe that those who have manual cars should be trained in manual cars and those who have automatic cars should also get automatic drivers’ licences. We need to learn from other countries so that we support this idea, I thank you.

*THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Hon. Members, I want to remind you to stick to one language. Do not code switch when debating.

HON. J. TSHUMA:  Thank you Madam Speaker for according me this moment to also air my views on the motion that was brought into the House by Hon. Mhetu. I want to stand to differ with his line of thinking, precisely because I would tell you that the system that we use for licencing our drivers here in Zimbabwe right now, has an element of concentration and an element of understanding the use of a motor vehicle on our roads vis-a-vis other road users.  Now, the automatic transmission model which has come has created a lot of laziness among its drivers. With that laziness, there is no element of concentration. People become so complacent because you just go into that seat, engage your gear to drive, hold your steering and just using one foot for acceleration and braking. While you are at it, you end up not being in that concentrative mood, unlike when you are using a manual vehicle.

Already, we are grappling with the problems of road carnages and most of the faults have been pointed back to the drivers. Then we are wanting to debate and agree on creating more lazy drivers again that will probably then create more carnages on our roads. It cannot be. Madam Speaker, an automatic vehicle can be driven by almost anyone. Anyone can just do it but we need to train drivers that can go out there and be responsible, knowing that their level of concentration must always be at maximum.

For us to achieve that, the manual system must always be done. Once you have grasped the manual system, yes, you can drive the automatic vehicle at any given time. Therefore, there is no longer need to burden Government or any other institution to say, let us have a particular licence for this and a particular licence for that because at the end of the day, we teach people to drive for them to be able to concentrate on the road and use it also with respect to the next road user.

 Definitely, if you look at a certain aspect, you will then agree with me that the only correct way to go about this is to make sure that we have one licence system, which is the manual system. Then driving an automatic car just becomes an added advantage. Just like for example, we have a class two in our system, which is for big trucks, the lorries, Madam Speaker. Once you are qualified to drive that, you are then given as an added advantage, permission to actually drive the class four vehicles, which are the light motor vehicles. So, it should be like that. Automatic vehicles must just be an added advantage of saying, you have gone through a rigorous training and you are able to concentrate on how to time yourself, changing gears, clashing in and clashing out and all those kinds of things. Then you are good to go. You can now drive the automatic vehicle without any burden to the fiscus, without any extra burden to even the driving schools, the VID or whatever.

So, my submission Madam Speaker, is that I think our system that is there already is working very well. What we need now only to concentrate on is to try and say, how do we stop the issue of corruption where people are now just buying licences? People now do not even understand what they are supposed to be doing when they are driving because they bought the licences. Otherwise, if people had to go like I did, I went to VID and there was a VID officer who was trying to say to me, look I can make it easy for you if you just give me USD150, we do not have to do it.  I said, my friend I am here to learn how to drive and I want to drive perfectly.  So, let me go on that road and you test me. If I fail, so be it. I will go back and learn until I get it right. For your own information Madam Speaker, I have got a class two driver's licence and I got it on my first go because I really wanted to be a perfect driver. Today, I am one of the most perfect drivers you can ever think of because I went through a proper system.

Let us not change that system for whatever reason. By the way, it is not correct to say that other countries are now issuing automatic drivers’ licences. It is not correct. What happens is that other countries Madam Speaker, put point systems on their licences, which I think we must one day speak about here as a House to say, our licences must have expiry dates so that people go back and get retested.  Maybe that way, it will be better. What other countries do, is that you are put on a point system whereby if you make a mistake, points are deducted on your licence.

They keep on deducting them to a point where they will say, you are banned from driving for either maybe a year, two years, five years or even for life, depending on the kind of offence that you would have committed against that licence. It is not that they are giving two licences like for a manual and an automatic one. They are simply saying that our licences must be renewable at a certain period of time so that these drivers can come back and get retested, just like what happens with the defensive driving and those drivers that drive our haulage trucks and the buses.  They always needed to go back for retesting so that we see whether they still are competent enough to be able to drive such heavy duty loads and stuff like that. There is no way in the world, in any country, where there are two licences for automatic and manual. Get it correct. Do not misinform the House. I so submit. Thank you Madam Speaker.

*HON. MASHAVAVE:  Thank you Madam Speaker. I rise to support and raise all my viewpoints to the motion that was moved by the Hon. Member. Indeed, it is true that after analysing what is happening, the Hon. Member decided to move this motion and it is good. Let me say that when a motorist has taken a driver's licence using a manual car, this is a competent driver who is better than an automatic driver because using a manual car is more difficult.  I am saying this riding on what the previous speaker just said. When you can drive a manual car, you are at a far advanced stage.  I do not see the reason why we should think of changing or having two different drivers’ licences. I do not support that idea. However, I would say that if it makes sense, then we would say that when someone is being taught to drive a manual car, then they should also be taught to drive both a manual and automatic car. This is an unnecessary burden to Government. We are in the right direction and this is the right direction.

Let me talk about corruption also. Corruption is a cancer which is not affected by whether you were taught to drive an automatic or a manual car. Corruption should be removed from this discourse because it does not arise. It is good that this august House, we work together, we support each other because what it means is that we need to really look at what a driver is being taught to position the car properly on the road and the different rules whether it is at an intersection, whether the driver stops or not. This is not affected by whether the car is a manual car or an automatic car but the driver is being taught how the law works.

I might support the idea but I differ totally and say that this does not help. I thank you.

HON. KANGAUSARU: Thank you Madam Speaker, Ma'am. Today, I want to oppose this motion which seeks to introduce separate categories for manual and automatic transmission on the drivers’ license. While I appreciate the intent to modernise our license system, the proposal is not only impractical but also detrimental to the road safety, economic efficiency and the overall competence of our drivers.

Firstly, road safety should be our foremost priority. A competent driver must be able to operate any vehicle safely, whether it be a manual or be an automatic. Creating a category for automatic licence only risks producing drivers with limited skills and competence, unable to handle emergency situations where only manual transmission vehicles are available, such as in public transport and heavy-duty operations. A well-rounded driver must be adaptable and this motion undermines that necessity.

Secondly, the proposal contradicts the economic realities of Zimbabwe. The majority of the vehicles used for public transport and in agriculture and heavy industries remains manual. Splitting licence may render many job seekers unemployable simply because they trained in an automatic vehicle alone. This will limit the opportunities for the young drivers and increase the cost burden on an individual who may later need to acquire a manual license.

Thirdly, let us consider the administrative and infrastructural burden. Creating a dual licence system requires an overhauling of the current driver testing framework. It also requires us to retrain the instructors restructuring the licence authority and unnecessary expense at a time when we should be focusing resources on road infrastructure and enforcement of the already existing traffic laws. Instead of complicating the system, we should focus on refining our current training to ensure that all our drivers, regardless of the transmission type, are competent, responsible and are roadworthy.

Madam Speaker, modernising our transport system should not come at the cost of the driver's competence and economic disadvantage rather than weakening our licence framework. Let us reinforce comprehensive training that equips our drivers with the full range of skills necessary to navigate Zimbabwean roads safely and efficiently. I thank you.

HON. KAMBUZUMA: I move that the debate do now adjourn.

HON. NYANDORO: I second.

Debate to resume: Tuesday, 18^th March 2025.

MOTION

BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE

HON. KAMBUZUMA: I move that we revert back to Order of the Day Number 21 on today’s Order Paper.

HON. NYANDORO: I second.

         Motion put and agreed to.

MOTION

REPORT OF THE PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE, HOME AFFAIRS, SECURITY SERVICES AND WAR VETERANS

AFFAIRS ON THE PETITION FROM SAM PARIRENYATWA ON THE EXHUMATION AND DECENT BURIAL OF HEROES AND HEROINES

Twenty First Order read: Adjourned debate on motion on the Report of the Portfolio Committee on Defence, Home Affairs, Security Services and War Veterans Affairs on the Petition from Sam Parirenyatwa.

         Question again proposed.

         HON. NGULUVHE: Thank you Madam Speaker. As I stand up to move the adoption of this motion from Cde. Parirenyatwa, I would like first to thank all the Members of this august House who took part in the debate from both sides of the House, which was very emotional indeed. Very emotional indeed because 40 years after our independence, we still have the remains of our fallen heroes both inside and outside the country which are still in shallow graves or some which are still not yet buried.

The challenge is that some of the comrades who are still alive, I have people like Hon. Shamu, not excluding myself, are getting old and as time goes on, we might not be there to assist in identifying where some of our fallen heroes are buried. I would also like to thank the Minister of War Veterans who is always committed to the Committee on Defence and who has shown interest in trying to resolve some of the issues concerning the war veterans.

I hope and believe that the issues which have been raised in the petition by Cde. Parirenyatwa will be considered as soon as possible. Hon. Madam Speaker, I therefore move that the motion be adopted.

Motion that this House considers and adopts the Report of the Portfolio Committee on Defence, Home Affairs, Security Services and War Veterans Affairs on the Petition from Sam Parirenyatwa on the exhumation and decent reburial of heroes and heroines who perished during the Liberation Struggle, put and agreed to.

MOTION

BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE

HON. KAMBUZUMA: I move that we revert to Order of the Day, Number 12 on today’s Order Paper.

HON. NYANDORO: I second.

Motion put and agreed to.

MOTION

REDUCTION OF LATENCY AND PROVISION OF DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE REGION

         HON. TIMBURWA: I move the motion standing in my name that this House:

         CONCERNED at the absence of neo-technology ground stations in the country owing to lack of a comprehensive legislative framework to regulate the operation of emerging technologies in Zimbabwe;

         COGNISANT that His Excellency the President licenced Starlink to boost internet connectivity in the whole country hence the need for the establishment of ground stations that will revolutionise the entire SADC region;

         NOW, THEREFORE, calls upon the Ministry of Information Communication Technology, Postal and Courier Services to urgently come up with measures aimed at the reduction of latency and position Zimbabwe as a key player in providing digital infrastructure in the region.

         HON. KAMBUZUMA: I second.

         HON. TIMBURWA: This motion is specifically pertaining low orbit ground stations. Madam Speaker, I rise to move this motion with a sense of agency and purpose. Zimbabwe stands to lead a digital gap and digital revolution within our African continent.

         The licencing of Starlink by His Excellency is a monumental step forward but without our support and establishment of ground stations, it is akin to a vehicle without an engine. The latency issue plaguing our schools, clinics and farms are not abstract concerns, they are daily realities having meticulously studied the gaps in our ICT framework. I assert that by having ground stations, we will have a better quality and service delivery to the citizens.

         Ground stations are economic lifelines Hon. Speaker. This motion was not drafted as a single ground station  but has the potential to connect more than 10,000 rural homes, households at a speed of 100 times faster than our current best. This is not mere technical jargon, it translates to tangible economic benefits, jobs, markets and education.

         As the mover of this motion, I have calculated the cost of delay every month. We hesitate to forfeit millions of potential investments. I also challenge our ministry to match the agency by the licencing by His Excellency, by making sure we create provision in making sure we have got ground stations in this country. Madam Speaker, I deliberately included the word ‘revolutionise’ to the SADC region in this motion for a reason.

         Our neighbouring nations also face the lagging behind in satellite technology. With establishment of ground stations, Zimbabwe can export low latency internet to Botswana, Malawi, South Africa and Zambia. This motion is not merely a national initiative, it is also a regional ambition underpinned by infrastructure that we control. I believe with having an amendment in our ICT Act, we secure the land and position Zimbabwe as a leader whom amongst our days think small when opportunity for greatness is before us.

         Madam Speaker, His Excellency’s licencing of Starlink was a visionary act aimed at transforming our nation's connectivity. However, without ground stations, we risk undermining his foresight. Ground stations reduce latency to a mere 20 milli-second. Without them, we are merely paying lip service to the progress. As the mover of this motion, I have consulted with experts and proposed a minimum of 10 stations phased over two years. I further propose the establishment of a selected committee to oversee this initiative. This motion can be a blueprint for action, not a plea just for consideration, whom among us should also stand in support of this motion.

We also need to take a step further by having global benchmarks to provide a case study. Madam Speaker, I have done my due diligence. Kenya has already operationalised Starlink with two ground stations. Ghana is negotiating deals for fibre back-ups. This motion can help us as Zimbabwe to be the lead in this regard in the SADC region. It is a strategic leap forward grounded in global precedents and I also call this House to provide a clear timeline and allocate necessary resources. With these, I am confident that Zimbabwe can rival our regional counterparts opposed to what people think when it comes to us being a champion of closing the digital gap in the SADC region.

In conclusion, Madam Speaker, history will judge us if we do not move with expedience to the establishment of this cause. This motion is not merely about connectivity. It is about the very foundation of Zimbabwe's economic future. With ground stations, we are not just unlocking the potential of low-orbit internet. We are unlocking the potential of our people. We are bridging the digital divide, empowering our entrepreneurs, modernising our education and strengthening our security infrastructure. Let it also be known that in this House today, we did not just deliberate. We decided we did not just discuss. We acted to make sure we placed Zimbabwe at the forefront of leading the digital divide and the digital gap that we suffer as the SADC region when it comes to latency. I thank you Madam Speaker.

         HON. KAMBUZUMA: I move that the debate do now adjourn.

         HON. NYANDORO:  I second.

         Motion put and agreed to.

MOTION

BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE

HON. KAMBUZUMA: Mr. Speaker, I move that we move to Order of the Day Number 11 on today’s Order Paper.

 HON. PINDUKA: I second.

Motion put and agreed to.

MOTION

REPORT OF THE DELEGATION ON THE 149^TH ASSEMBLY OF THE INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION (1PU) HELD IN GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

 HON. NYELELE: Mr. Speaker, I move the motion standing in my name that this House takes note of the report of the delegation to the 149^th Assembly of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and Related Meetings which was convened in the city of peace, Geneva, Switzerland from 12^th to 17^th October 2024.

HON. KADEMAUNGA: I second.

NYELELE:

INTRODUCTION

• The 149^th Assembly of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and Related Meetings was convened in the city of Peace, Geneva, Switzerland from 12^th to 17^th October 2024, under the overarching theme: “HARNESSING SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND INNOVATION FOR A MORE PEACEFUL AND SUSTAINABLE FUTURE.”
• The Assembly was attended by six hundred and sixteen (616) parliamentarians from one hundred and twenty-nine (129) IPU Member Parliaments with 36.4% being women, a slight improvement from the 148^th IPU Assembly and Related Meetings which recorded 36% women delegates. The IPU promotes gender parity within the delegations of IPU Member Parliaments to Assemblies. Accordingly, visibility was given to delegations that composed of a minimum 40% and maximum 60% of each gender. Zimbabwe should be congratulated for promoting gender parity in its delegation with 44.4% women parliamentarians in its delegation.
• The Parliament of Zimbabwe was ably represented by Hon. Advocate Jacob Francis Nzwidamilimo Mudenda, Speaker of Parliament and Hon. Mabel Memory Chinomona, President of the Senate. They were accompanied by the following Members of Parliament:

• Chief Mtshane Lucas Khumalo, member of the IPU Standing Committee on Sustainable Development Goals;
• Tsitsi Veronica Muzenda, member of the IPU Standing Committee on Democracy and Human Rights;
• Sengezo Tshabangu, member of the IPU Standing Committee on Sustainable Development Goals;
• Lusyomo Nyelele, member of the Forum of Young Parliamentarians and IPU Standing Committee on United Nations Affairs;
• Maureen Kademaunga, member of the Forum of Young Parliamentarians and IPU Standing Committee on United Nations Affairs;
• Jona Nyevera, member of the Forum of Young Parliamentarians and IPU Standing Committee on Peace and International Security; and
• Tawanda Karikoga, member of the IPU Standing Committee on Democracy and Human Rights.

1.4    On the morning of 12^th October 2024, Speaker Mudenda and Hon. Chinomona, interfaced with Embassy Officials led by Mr. Nesbert Samasuwo, Charge d’affaires at the Zimbabwean Embassy in Geneva. Mr. Samasuwo provided a comprehensive brief on the operations of the Mission in Switzerland, particularly the strides made in upscaling economic cooperation between Zimbabwe and Switzerland for the mutual benefit of the citizenry of the two sister Republics, which dovetails with His Excellency, the President, Cde Dr. E.D Mnangagwa’s policy thrust of striving towards an Upper Middle-Class Economy by 2030.

Additionally, the Presiding Officers offered counsel with regards to identified challenges with a view of enhancing the work of the Embassy. In this context, the Presiding Officers assured the Embassy Officials of Parliament’s commitment to support initiatives that amplify the Second Republic’s development mantra anchored on economic diplomacy in addition to political diplomacy.

2.0    BILATERAL ENGAGEMENTS

2.1    In the spirit of engagement and re-engagement and in line with the Second Republic’s and the Presidential mantra that, “Zimbabwe is a friend to all and enemy to none”, the Hon. Speaker Mudenda, interacted with the Iranian Parliamentary delegation led by His Excellency, Dr. Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Speaker of the Parliament of the Republic of Iran. The two Speakers engaged in candid discussions on a wide range of issues from the deteriorating political situation in the Middle East to exploring ways of enhancing cooperation between the Parliament of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Parliament of the Republic of Iran within the framework of the existing Zimbabwe/Iran Friendship Association.

2.2.   In the same spirit of re-engagement, Hon. Speaker Mudenda also held a meeting with Hon. Sergei Rachkov, the Chairman of the Standing Committee on International Affairs of the House of Representatives of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus who is also the Chairman of the Eurasia Geopolitical Group. This meeting underscored the cordial and fraternal relations that continue to be strengthened between the two sisterly Republics.

However, the meeting acknowledged the noticeable gap in parliamentary relations which was deemed detrimental to the furtherance of bilateral ties between the two countries. Accordingly, it was resolved that the Belarus Parliament would initiate the drafting of a Memorandum of Agreement for consideration by the Zimbabwean Parliament.

3.0.   SADC GROUP AND AFRICA GEOPOLITICAL GROUP MEETINGS

3.1.   In keeping with established tradition at the IPU Assemblies, the SADC Group and the Africa Geo-political Group meetings were convened on the 12^th October 2024 to caucus and reach consensus on issues under consideration during the 149^th Assembly of the IPU and Related Meetings.

3.2    The SADC Group meeting was chaired by the Rt. Hon. Speaker Mancienne, President of the SADC PF and Speaker of the Parliament of Seychelles. In his welcome address, Speaker Mancienne, expressed gratitude to participating Member Parliaments for their indefatigable commitment to parliamentary diplomacy and cooperation as espoused by the core values of the IPU, which behooves Parliaments to articulate and respond to the needs and aspirations of the people in order to achieve peace, democracy, human rights and sustainable development.

Additionally, the President of the SADC PF called on Parliaments to embrace science, technology and innovation in order to derive benefits from the digital technologies for sustained economic development.

3.3.   Thereafter, Rt Hon. Nelly Mutti, Speaker of the National Assembly of Zambia and SADC’s representative to the IPU Executive Committee, presented a comprehensive report on decisions of the IPU Executive Committee emanating from three (3) Meetings convened since the 148^th Assembly of the IPU and Related Meetings in March 2024.

3.4. Of special note regarding the status on the amendments of the IPU Statutes and Rules, the SADC Group resolved that there is need for a more coordinated approach in responding to the proposed amendments as well as the necessity to continue exploring areas for amendments to ensure that the revised Statutes and Rules enhance the IPU’s legal stature. In this regard, a focus Working Group comprising Speaker Mudenda as Chairperson and representatives from Seychelles and Eswatini was established to spearhead this initiative. Subsequently, the Working Group met on 13^th October 2024 and consolidated SADC’s position on the proposed amendments of Statutes and Rules of the IPU. Their submissions were duly submitted to the IPU Secretariat for consideration.

3.5.   Additionally, Hon. Dr. Tulia Ackson, President of the IPU addressed the meeting whereby she implored SADC Member countries to take an active and leading role in the process of amending the IPU Statutes and Rules to ensure that the global institution is indeed representative and serving the interest of all geo-political groups.

3.6.   Ultimately, the SADC Group Chairperson expressed approbation to the illustrious Speaker Katjavivi, who has served SADC PF with distinction as an exemplary leader whose contributions were always thoughtful and well-balanced. Accordingly, on behalf of the SADC Group at the IPU, Speaker Mancienne presented a token of appreciation to Speaker Katjavivi.

3.7. The SADC Geo-political Group was then proceeded by the Africa Geo-political Group Meeting. During the deliberations, Hon. Speaker Mudenda echoed IPU President Ackson’s call to push for the establishment of a Committee within the IPU that would deal with issues affecting the African continent. The proposal was unanimously adopted by the Africa Geo-political Group. Regarding the vacancies to be filled, the Speaker of the Parliament of the Republic of South Africa was elected as the President of the Africa Geo-political Group for the period 2025 as proposed by Speaker Mudenda.

4.0     GOVERNING COUNCIL

4.1.   The Governing Council took note of the activities report by the Rt. Hon. Dr. Tulia Ackson, President of the IPU which focused on: -

• Supporting conflict areas: President Ackson held a critical dialogue meeting with President Putin on the sidelines of the BRICS Meeting with a view of exploring ways to end the Russia-Ukraine war. She is expected to interface with President Zelensky before presenting a comprehensive report to the IPU.
• Enhancing Middle East Diplomatic Engagement: The IPU President visited Egypt to promote peace in the Middle East as well as to discuss the progress on the piloting of the IPU regional office to service Africa and the Arab groups.
• Enhancing Parliamentary Innovation: The IPU President attended the 40^th anniversary of China’s National People’s Congress affiliation with the IPU in Beijing.

4.2.   Furthermore, the Governing Council considered and approved the interim report presented by the Secretary General on activities undertaken in the last six months in line with the strategic objectives of the IPU as articulated in the IPU Strategy Plan (2022-2026). Some major highlights during the period under review include the following:

• Four (4) regional seminars;
• Nineteen (19) in person trainings by Member Parliaments experiencing chronic instability;
• Thirty (30) national events;
• Eight (8) publications on the various thematic areas of the IPU, three of which were launched during the 149^th IPU Assembly; and
• Administering of the self-assessment tool on democracy and good governance to a number of Member Parliaments.

4.3.  The Governing Council took note of the report on the Implementation of IPU Resolutions by Member Parliaments. Pursuant to the framework of the IPU Strategic Plan and Article 6 of the IPU Statutes, Member Parliaments are compelled to provide feedback on the implementation of IPU Resolutions and other initiatives. Additionally, Article 7 of the IPU Statutes places a duty on IPU Member Parliaments to submit responses to all IPU resolutions by their respective Parliaments and communicate them to their governments in order to stimulate implementation of those resolutions. During the period under review, a total of thirty- seven (37) Member Parliaments were selected to provide feedback while others participated on a voluntary basis. Only 81% duly complied with this statutory requirement. Zimbabwe is expected to present its report in 2025.

4.4.   With regards to the financial situation of the IPU, the Governing Council was satisfied that the financial position remains liquid and is in the blue. The major revenue streams for the organisation included Member Parliaments’ contributions and interests earned from investments accounts.

4.5    REQUEST FOR IPU MEMBERSHIP: The Governing Council approved the request for re-affiliation by the Parliament of Jamaica.

4.6    The Governing Council was apprised of the state of preparations for the Sixth World Conference of Speakers scheduled to take place from 29^th to 31^st July 2025 in Geneva, Switzerland. The Conference will be preceded by the Fifteenth Summit of Women Speakers which would take place on 28^th July 2025 in Bern, Switzerland.

5.0.   THE GENERAL DEBATE

5.1.   Following the special opening segment, Presiding Officers and parliamentarians shared best parliamentary practices and experiences as they reflected on the theme, “HARNESSING SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION (STI) FOR A MORE PEACEFUL AND SUSTAINABLE FUTURE.”

5.2.   Hon. Speaker Mudenda delivered a well-received address on the General theme of the Assembly in which he articulated on the gains and milestones Zimbabwe has made in harnessing the revolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

5.3.   Speaker Mudenda’s departure point was the centrality of STI, wherein he emphasised the critical role of Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) in bridging the gap between developed and developing countries through the application of AI. He highlighted the necessity for Parliaments to integrate these fields, particularly through Artificial Intelligence (AI), stating that the theme “is of profound and of enduring significance in addressing naked inequalities between developed and developing countries of the Global North and the Global South respectively. Accordingly, IPU Parliaments are enjoined to robustly deploy science, technology and innovation anchored on the application of Artificial Intelligence in its multifaceted architecture.”

5.4.   Moving on to Zimbabwe’s initiatives to spur AI driven development under the leadership of His Excellency, Dr E.D Mnangagwa, Speaker Mudenda postulated that Zimbabwe has launched significant policies such as the Information Communication Technology Policy and the National Digital Technologies Strategy aimed at leveraging STI for sustainable development. The "EDUCATION 5.0" has transformed the educational curricula to foster industrial and innovation hubs at Tertiary Institutions across the country. To augment the foregoing, Speaker Mudenda spoke on the establishment of the Zimbabwe National Geospatial and Space Agency (ZINGSA) which focuses on enhancing precision agriculture and climate adaptation, ensuring national food sovereignty. Innovations in agriculture and renewable energy are also being prioritised by the Zimbabwean Government, he posited.

5.5.   Cognisant of the risks associated with AI application, Speaker Mudenda cautioned against the hazards associated with the phenomenon of AI. To this end, Speaker Mudenda highlighted that, while recognising the potential of AI to drive development, he warned against possible misuse of AI in spreading misinformation, disinformation and pornography through use of deep fakes which can be used for character assassination. To that an extent, Speaker Mudenda advocated for responsible, ethical and sustainable deployment of STI as driven by AI.

5.6.   Turning to embracing Committees of the Future, Speaker Mudenda underscored that the Parliament of Zimbabwe plans to create a Committee of the Future to catalyse the use of STI AI driven technologies over the next 50 years to maximise benefits for the nation.

5.7.   With regards to global conflicts, Speaker Mudenda strongly urged the IPU President, Hon Tulia Ackson and the IPU Taskforce to continue with their peace efforts without fear or favour. Speaker Mudenda concluded his presentation by imploring for an end to hostilities in war torn regions, “I, therefore, plead for the immediate cessation of hostilities in Eastern Europe, the Middle East and some parts of Africa, especially in Sudan and the Eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Lessons from the devastating ravages of the World War 1 and 2 vividly must remind us that WAR CAN NEVER END WAR BUT DIALOGUE AROUND A ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE!” he wound up.

6.0.   FORUM OF WOMEN PARLIAMENTARIANS

         6.1.   In order to contribute to the work of the Assembly, women Parliamentarians examined, from a gender perspective, the draft resolution of the Standing Committee on Democracy and Human Rights entitled, “The impact of artificial intelligence on democracy, human rights and the rule of law”. The discussions highlighted how technologies, including AI can be used to accelerate gender equality when appropriately regulated and used responsibly. However, without an appropriate regulatory framework for combating discrimination, stereotyping and Gender-Based Violence, AI can reproduce and amplify existing societal biases, risking further entrenchment of Gender-Based Violence. To that an extent, participants recommended the implementation of laws that regulate the use of AI.

6.2.   Additionally, the Forum of Women Parliamentarians held a panel discussion on “Sustaining peace and providing justice to women and girls”.  Discussions focused on legislative and policy measures to combat gender-based and sexual violence and other crimes committed against women and girls in situations of armed conflict. Parliamentarians expressed deep concern over the escalation of global wars, geo-political tensions and violations of international humanitarian law.  Accordingly, participants called for greater international cooperation and solidarity as well as a substantial increase in women’s participation and the inclusion of the experience of conflict victims in peace talks and reconstruction processes. This ultimately aims to achieve justice and dignity for victims by effectively enforcing international instruments and national laws, which are essential for lasting peace.

6.3.   In her interventions, Hon. Chinomona, President of the Senate posited that parliamentarians are uniquely positioned to lead the agenda for gender-sensitive AI development, regulation and governance. This includes advocating and adopting legislation that regulates AI systems from a gender perspective and ensuring transparency and accountability through mandatory discrimination risk and equality impact assessments of algorithmic systems. She further cited the Cyber and Data Protection Act [Chapter 12:07] which the Parliament of Zimbabwe passed into law in 2021 as a measure to arrest cybercrimes.   

7.0.   FORUM OF YOUNG PARLIAMENTARIANS

7.1.   The 10^th Anniversary of the Forum of Young Parliamentarians set the tone for the meeting. Indeed, it was a time to reflect and take stock of the progress made by the Forum in empowering young parliamentarians and raising awareness on youth participation in Parliament. To that an extent, Hon. B. Carden, President of the Board of the Forum of Young Parliamentarians emphasized the need to redouble efforts to enhance youth participation at all levels of decision making.

7.2.   Echoing the same sentiments, Rt. Hon. Tulia Ackson, IPU President commended the Forum for bringing the IPU and Parliaments closer to the young people and youth organisations.

7.3.   Similarly, Mr. Martin Chungong called for continued efforts in removing barriers and further opening up Parliaments to young people, including through quotas and lowering the age of eligibility to run for office.

7.4.   In the ensuing deliberations, the young Parliamentarians shared experiences and Parliamentary best practices as well as recent developments in promoting youth participation in their respective countries. Accordingly, it was resolved that there is need to pay greater attention to young women and youth with disabilities.

7.5.   The Young Parliamentarians contributed to the theme of the General debate, “Harnessing science, technology and innovation (STI) for a more peaceful and sustainable Future” from a youth perspective. The young Parliamentarians stressed the importance of ensuring accessibility to STI for young people, especially by bridging the digital divide through investing in relevant infrastructure.

7.6.   In contribution to the draft Resolution entitled, “The impact of artificial intelligence on democracy, human rights and the rule of law’, the young Parliamentarians called for the benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) to be harnessed while simultaneously mitigating the risks, including integrating mechanisms that could “future proof” legislation by anticipating future changes and protecting young people from misinformation.

8.0.   STANDING COMMITTEE ON PEACE AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY

8.1.   The Standing Committee on Peace and International Security held a Panel Debate on, “The role of Parliamentarians in preventing conflicts over natural resources”. Participants acknowledged the growing trend of economic aspects in conflicts. Accordingly, participants stressed the need for fair distribution of scarce resources such as water and fertile land and valuable resources such as timber, diamonds, gold and oil which often times provide economic motivation to go to war. In this context, Parliaments were called upon to enact appropriate legislation that effectively advance peace and security globally. 

8.2.   Furthermore, the Standing Committee also held a Panel discussion on the “Role of Parliamentarians in nuclear security”. Participants encouraged all countries, including those who do not have radioactive nuclear weapons to focus on the safety of radioactive material. In this context, Parliaments can play a pivotal role through ratifying international agreements that establish the nuclear security architecture for radioactive material. Additionally, participants called for the facilitation of multilateral cooperation for the peaceful use of radioactive material.    

8.3.   Finally, the Standing Committee held an expert hearing on the theme, “The Role of Parliaments in advancing a two -State solution in Palestine”. The hearing was addressed by representatives from both Palestine and Israel as well as two experts who examined how the two State solution would possibly be structured.  Participants were clear that Parliaments have a critical role to play in promoting sustainable peace in the Middle East anchored on ensuring good governance, security and the dignity of the people. 

9.0.   STANDING COMMITTEE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

9.1.   The Standing Committee deliberated on the theme of the next resolution entitled. “Parliamentary strategies to mitigate the long-lasting impact of conflicts, including armed conflicts on sustainable development’. Participants acknowledged that conflicts do indeed hinder progress on the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the same vein, conflicts have the potential to reverse gains already made. Accordingly, Parliaments were urged to advocate for sustainable development strategies that positively impact conflict prevention mechanisms.

9.2.   In preparation for the Parliamentary Meeting on the sidelines of COP29 scheduled for Baku, Azerbaijan on 16^th and 17^th November 2024, participants contributed to the proposed Outcome Document, reiterating the need for Parliaments to support legislation aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, facilitating the transition from green to renewable energies and implementation of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

9.3.   Additionally, the Standing Committee held a Panel Debate on the theme, “Towards a fair global financial system: The role of Parliaments in preventing corporate tax avoidance and achieving sustainable development”. With only five (5) years remaining to meet the 2030 Agenda and an estimated four (4) trillion United States dollars required, effective taxation is a key tool to finance SDGs. In this context, participants acknowledged that a well-functioning tax system can generate revenue for public services. Accordingly, parliamentarians have a vital role to play in mobilising domestic resources in liaison with tax authorities and that citizens be educated on the importance of taxation compliances in order to bolster development.

10.0  STANDING COMMITTEE ON UNITED NATIONS AFFAIRS

10.1. The Standing Committee on the United Nations Affairs deliberated on various issues ranging from the complexities of the United Nations (UN) budget system, the role of the G20 in relation to the UN to the role of Parliaments in the UN Treaty making process. The following key elements were raised during the rich debate:

• Parliament has a central role to play in overseeing the UN budget processes;
• Parliaments should ensure that the assessed country contributions are paid in full and on time;
• Furthermore, Parliaments play a role in the ratification and implementation of Treaties. In this context, parliamentarians can raise public awareness on ratified Treaties;
• The financial crisis at the UN needs to be addressed without delay. To that an extent, the UN should ensure that its budgeting process be transparent;
• Parliamentarians still need a better understanding of the UN budget systems. Accordingly, the IPU will convene workshops to capacitate the Members. Additionally, Parliaments are encouraged to engage their Ministries of Foreign Affairs for briefings on the UN system.

10.0    OUTCOMES OF THE 149^TH ASSEMBLY OF THE IPU AND RELATED MEETINGS

11.1. Emergency Item: In line with Assembly Rule 11 of the IPU Statutes, the Assembly considered four (4) requests for inclusion as an Emergency Item on the Agenda of the 149^th Assembly of the IPU. The Assembly voted in favour of the request submitted by the delegations from France, United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands and Canada entitled “Response by parliamentarians to the urgent plea by the UN Secretary General to recommit Multilateralism for global peace, justice and sustainability”. Accordingly, the Assembly adopted the Resolution on the Emergency Item, reaffirming unwavering support for multilateralism through the United Nations system and other global institutions. Against a backdrop of escalating conflicts around the world, devastating impacts of climate change, the risks of pandemics, among other challenges, the Resolution called for urgent collective response and cooperation at the international level in the spirit of multilateralism.

Furthermore, the resolution called for “complete rejection of the indiscriminate targeting by armed forces of civilians, wherever they may be, particularly emergency personnel, health and education workers and public infrastructure”. The Emergency Item was reinforced by the IPU’s Committee to Promote Respect for International Humanitarian Law, which issued a plea for the international community to pressure the parties to conflict in Israel, Lebanon and Gaza to in order to avert a full-scale war in the Middle-East.

11.2  Furthermore, the resolution submitted by the Standing Committee on Democracy and Human Rights entitled “The impact of artificial intelligence on human democracy, human rights and the Rule of law” was also adopted by the Assembly. The Resolution addresses the profound implications of the application of artificial intelligence (AI) on democracy, human rights and the rule of law. Additionally, it identifies both the opportunities and challenges posed by rapid advancements in AI technology. Accordingly, the Resolution identified the following key demands:

• Mitigating risks to democracy, human rights and the rule of law, with a particular focus on the disproportionate impact of AI on women and girls.
• Legislating against deepfake intimate images and AI-generated content that fuels hate speech, incites violence and engenders character assassination.
• Developing tools to verify the origin of online images and content, empowering users to discern authenticity.
• Reviewing and updating existing legislation to close loopholes exposed by AI technological advances.

         11.2.1. The resolution underscores the need for Parliaments to stay ahead of the curve in regulating AI application by striking a balance between innovation and the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms.

• In order to curtail the negative impacts of AI, the Governing Council adopted a new Charter on the Ethics of Science and Technology. The Charter underpins the critical role of scientific knowledge in Parliamentary decision making and the ethical considerations essential for regulating emerging digital technologies. The Charter highlights the major concerns as follows: -
• Emphasising ethical responsibilities in scientific advancements.
• Advocating for equitable global participation in the use of digital technologies and addressing gender and socio-economic inequalities arising from the skewed digital technological applications.
• Outlining key principles for regulating science and technology ecosystem, including enacting laws promoting societal values, the preservation of research freedom, international cooperation and sustainability considerations.

  11.3.1. Additionally, the Charter recommends that legislators maintain parliamentary structures for presenting evidence-based information, engaging with competent organizations on ethics, developing checklists for scrutinising legislation and consulting civil society.

         11.4. Similarly, the Assembly adopted the IPU Geneva Declaration on Science and Technology which expresses parliamentarians’ resolve to harness and regulate science, technology and Innovation for the positive benefit of humanity. The Declaration extols the need to bridge the digital divide, protect human rights and foster international cooperation in STI governance. Through the Geneva Declaration on Science and Technology, parliamentarians committed themselves to regulating STI through legislative, budgetary and oversight functions.

11.5. During the Assembly sitting, the coveted 2024 Cremer-Passy Prize was awarded to Dr. Haroun Kabadi, former President of the National Assembly of Chad (2011 to 2021) in recognition of his exceptional work in promoting peace and security. During his tenure as President of the National Assembly, Dr. Kabadi worked tirelessly to strengthen peace, security and socio-political stability in Chad, the Sahel region, Central Africa and internationally.  Currently, Dr. Kabadi heads Chad’s National Transitional Council as the country returns to constitutional order following the President’s death in 2021.

         11.5.2. The Cremer-Passy Prize is named after the founding fathers (Frederic Passy and Sir William Randal Cremer) of the Inter-Parliamentary Union established in 1889. The Prize is open to any sitting parliamentarian who makes an outstanding contribution to the defense and promotion of the IPU’s strategic goals and objectives, as well as those parliamentarians who contribute to a more united, peaceful, sustainable and equitable world.

11.6. On the publication front, the IPU launched the following publications which are useful resources for IPU Member Parliaments:

1. Human Security and Common Security to Build Peace;
2. World e-Parliament Report; and
3. 10 Actions for Stronger National Climate Commitment.

11.6.1. Accordingly, IPU Parliaments are encouraged to make use of these source resources during the course of their parliamentary processes.

• Another landmark event during the Assembly, was the celebration of the IPU 10^th Anniversary of the Common Principles for support to Parliaments. Speaking on this occasion, the IPU President Rt. Hon. Dr. Tulia Ackson, gave the background to the adoption of the common principles which were crafted by the Working Group comprising representatives from the French National Assembly, the European Parliament, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the National Democratic Institute (NDI) and the IPU Secretariat to identify common principle and develop commentary on them. She further explained that the principles are intended to provide an inclusive and enabling framework for development partners by:

• Reflecting on an effective, practical approach to supporting Parliaments.
• Taking full account of the uniqueness of each parliamentary institution, while recognising emerging international standards for all democratic Parliaments.
• Emphasising inclusive parliamentary ownership of its institutional development and change process.
• Advancing a culture of partnership, trust and mutual respect.

11.7.1. The IPU President highlighted that the149^th IPU Member Parliaments had endorsed the Common Principles in order to achieve positive parliamentary best practices.

12.0. RECOMMENDATIONS

12.1.      The delegation once again calls on the Youth Caucus to spearhead the launch of “I SAY YES TO YOUTH IN PARLIAMENT CAMPAIGN,” which has been outstanding since the IPU 148^th session. This movement has gained traction among IPU Member Parliaments where it has been successfully launched. Zimbabwe must be applauded for implementing the youth quota as well as the establishment of the Youth Caucus. This positive trajectory should ignite the launch of the “I SAY YES TO YOUTH IN PARLIAMENT CAMPAIGN”

12.2.      The Portfolio Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade to spearhead engagements with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade on UN systems including the budget processes. Additionally, the Parliament of Zimbabwe may wish to engage the United Nations Development Programme Country Representative to conduct a half-day workshop on the functions of the United Nations.

12.3. Climate change remains a topical issue of global concern given its devastating impact. Accordingly, the Parliament of Zimbabwe must support the Government through legislation and oversight mechanisms that reduce greenhouse emissions that stimulate the transition to green renewable energy, resilient water supply and sanitation among others. Parliament should also participate in international platforms that seek to address climate related issues through sharing experiences and best practices.

12.3.1. Furthermore, it is critical for the Members of Parliament and relevant support staff to be continuously capacitated in these areas. The IPU offers a unique opportunity of being both a critical resource and strategic partner. Parliament should, therefore, take advantage of the available resources at the IPU to capacitate its members and staff.

12.4.          In line with the Second Republic’s and the Presidential mantra that, “Zimbabwe is a friend to all and enemy to none”, the Portfolio Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade should spearhead engagement with other legislatures within the framework of Friendship Associations to explore areas of cooperation through exchanges of experiences and parliamentary best practices. The exchanges should be anchored on the principles of equality, trust and mutual benefit.

12.5. Parliament should expedite the creation of the Committee of the Future which will mainstream the enactment of appropriate legislation and policies for the creation, deployment and responsible use of AI.

12.6. In keeping with the Presidential mantra of “LEAVING NO ONE AND NO PLACE BEHIND”, Parliament should ensure that the most vulnerable, that is women, girls and the youth as well as those in the hinterlands have access to the STI. Appropriate legislation should be enacted to reduce digital inequalities.

2.7.   The IPU announced its thematic area for 2025 as “GENDER EQUALITY”. Parliament welcomes the opportunity to discuss and share experiences and best parliamentary practices on gender equality. Accordingly, Parliament is called upon to participate in events and activities around this theme, notably the first Women Parliamentarians Conference scheduled for Mexico in March 2024.

13.0.         CONCLUSION

13.1. All the rich resolutions which call for parliamentary action have been duly circulated to the Committees. Accordingly, the delegation once again encourages relevant Committees to implement, to the extent possible, the resolutions of the 149^th Assembly. Parliament is duty bound by the IPU Statutes and Rules to communicate follow up action to the IPU Secretariat. Accordingly, implementation of resolutions gives credence to Parliament of Zimbabwe’s participation in the IPU Assemblies and its Related Meetings.

13.2. The delegation tenders its profound gratitude to the Government of Zimbabwe and to the Parliament of for affording it the opportunity to represent Zimbabwe at such high-profile statutory meetings of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Thank you.

         HON. KADEMAUNGA: Thank you.  Good evening Mr. Speaker Sir. I rise to briefly contribute to the debate on the report of the 149^th IPU Assembly and related meetings, cognisant of the profound implications of our deliberation of this report for the advancement of legislative efficiency and the deepening of democratic practices within our Parliaments. As a participant in the 149^th IPU Assembly, I had a privilege of engaging with fellow parliamentarians from diverse geo-political contexts, sharing experiences and forging alliances that transcends borders.  However, this experience is not a personal experience.  It is an experience that we must bring back home and be able to share with all the other parliamentarians because the Interparliamentary Union (IPU), is as its motto says, for everyone, for every legislator, it is our global Parliament, so must benefit everyone.  The delegates from Parliament and also our esteemed parliamentarians who remain here at home, who remain here when we met at the Assembly.

         I want to speak to a few issues that were raised in the report.  First of all, our experience in the Governing Council is the statutory meeting that the Speaker goes with a few Members of the delegation where we were fortunate enough to accompany the Speaker, was particularly enlightening. Hon Speaker, may I be protected, there is just too much noise.

         THE TEMPORARY SPEAKER (HON. NGULUVE): Hon. Members on my left, please can the Hon. Member be heard in silence?  I do not think it is good for me to mention your names.

         HON. KADEMAUNGA: Thank you Hon. Speaker. The debate at the governing council was on harnessing technology, science and innovation as has been alluded to in the report. For a more peaceful future, I think it resonates deeply and underscores the imperative for African Parliaments and indeed our Parliaments to leverage on science and technology and innovation to drive sustainable development and address environmental challenges and promote good governance.  I think in this context as has been said in the report, I strongly advocate for a workshop on this topic, for the relevant Committees in our Parliament as a way of feedback in addition to the report and also indeed the entire legislative board.  This would be particularly beneficial to our country as we strive to leverage technology and innovation to drive economic growth and to promote good governance. I think it is also in line with the African Union’s Science and Technology for Africa STISA:2024.  Furthermore, I just want to bring to the attention of this House that I was also heartened by the discussions at the Committee on women parliamentarians, as has been alluded in the report.  That was a very important platform where women parliamentarians who are delegates of the IPU, including female Speakers meet to deliberate on issues affecting women parliamentarians and indeed general women in respective countries.  The Committee’s focus was on sustaining peace and providing justice to women and girls and I think this is particularly crucial given that here in Zimbabwe, research highlights that violence is a significant barrier to women’s participation in public office and in leadership. I think there was an aggressive push to start this deliberation, to start this conversation even within our Parliaments.  I want to impress on this House that our committees that are relevant to issues to do with women, including our Caucus, must take up some of the action points that were raised in the report.

I think also at the backdrop of this important meeting of Women Parliamentarians at IPU, the General Assembly then adopted as was reported in the report, Gender Equality 2025 as the Theme for the IPU for this year. I believe that our Parliament should join the global effort to promote gender equality in line with African Union’s gender equality, women’s empowerment strategy and the spirit of the theme of the IPU. To achieve this, I think we must workshop and share knowledge with fellow lawmakers who champion gender equality, recognising that gender equality is a fundamental human right and pre-requisite for achieving sustainable development and peace in Africa.

In fact, I just want to speak on the same theme of gender equality. I think the IPU Committee on United Nations also focused their discussion on gender equality and I want to emphasise that our Committee on Foreign Affairs needs to take up one of the resolutions that come out of that meeting. This resolution was already read out but it is a resolution on us Parliaments to push for 50/50 or equal representation within our diplomatic postings and I think this is in the spirit of our Constitution. It must also be reflected.

Lastly, I want to acknowledge the IPU Youth Committee’s effort to increase youth participation in Parliament. I was very glad to be part of the Zimbabwean delegation because from our reports, Zimbabwe has an impressive number of young people but not sufficient. There is a campaign within the IPU and this is the campaign called ‘I Vote Youth in Parliament’. It is a huge global campaign where they have spaces where they interact with other youth in Parliament. I also want to impress on this House to take up that actionable point.

I just want to urge our Parliament to embrace the knowledge and insights gained from this Assembly and to work towards creating a more engaging, efficient and effective Parliament from the lessons of the IPU Assembly and related meetings. I so submit.

HON. KAMBUZUMA: I move that the debate do now adjourn.

HON. NYANDORO: I second.

Motion put and agreed to.

Debate to resume: Tuesday, 18^th March, 2025.

On the motion of HON. KAMBUZUMA, seconded by HON. NYANDORO, the House adjourned at Twenty Minutes past Five o’clock p.m. until Tuesday, 18^th March, 2025.