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NATIONAL ASSEMBLY HANSARD 14 NOVEMBER 2024 VOL 51 NO 13

PARLIAMENT OF ZIMBABWE

Thursday, 14^th November, 2024

The National Assembly met at a Quarter-past Two o’clock p.m.

PRAYERS

(THE ACTING SPEAKER in the Chair)

ANNOUNCEMENTS BY THE ACTING SPEAKER

PETITIONS RECEIVED FROM MR. HENRY NGARA AND MR. KUDAKWASHE MUYAMBO, CENTRE FOR NATURAL RESOURCES GOVERNANCE REPRESENTED BY MR. F. MAGAU, WOMEN AND GIRLS WITH DISABILITIES AND MR. OWEN KUCHATA

         THE ACTING SPEAKER (HON. MACHINGURA): I have to inform the House that on the 30^th of October 2024, Parliament received a petition from Mr. Henry Ngara and Mr. Kudakwashe Muyambo, requesting Parliament to recognise and declare a Munhumutapa Day as a national public holiday through the enactment of legislation. The petition was deemed inadmissible as it did not comply with the petition procedure.

         The second one is a petition from the Centre for Natural Resources Governance represented by Mr. F. Magau, beseeching Parliament to exercise its oversight role on the administrative bodies and ministries charged with monitoring and evaluating the implementation of wildlife management and conservation policies and ensuring that Zimbabwe’s elephant herd is protected from indiscriminate killings.  The petition was deemed inadmissible as the petitioner’s grievance on culling is done by professionals in this field.

         The third one is a petition from Women and Girls with Disabilities, beseeching Parliament to enact legislation which fosters the inclusion of women and girls with disabilities in all facets of their well-being. The petition was deemed inadmissible as the Persons with Disabilities Bill [H. B. 2, 2023] is currently before Parliament to address the matters raised by the petitioner.

         I also have to inform the House that on the 12^th of November, 2024, Parliament received a petition from Mr. Owen Kuchata beseeching Parliament to confront and stop accommodating political parties seeking illegal sanctions against Zimbabwe.  The petition was deemed inadmissible as the petitioner did not comply with the petition procedure outlined in Appendix E of the National Assembly Standing Orders.

VISITORS IN THE SPEAKER’S GALLERY

THE ACTING SPEAKER: I have to acknowledge the presence of the Ghanaian Parliament Delegation in the Speaker’s Gallery, comprising of Mr. Joshua Out Anim who is the Head of Delegation, Ms Linda Sedinam, Ms. Alberta Ofori and Ms. Anita Afi Agbavor – [HON. MEMBERS: Hear, hear.] - You are most welcome.

HON. S. SITHOLE:  Good afternoon Hon. Speaker.

My point of national interest is about our national highway roads.

The Government and the Minister of Transport and Infrastructural Development are doing well to fence the sides of the roads. However, the issue Hon. Speaker, which I am bringing here is that when they are fencing, they are using sub-standard and untreated poles. So, it takes only six months and the poles would have been destroyed by termites.  So that causes our people travelling on those roads to be involved in fatal accidents. My suggestion, therefore is that the Minister of Transport and Infrastructural Development visits the site, now they are setting those poles by the side of the road from Bulawayo towards Gweru. So may he visit and identify that they are putting the right poles there.

 Hon. Speaker, they must put cement to set up some of these poles to reinforce them.  These fake poles are a result of corruption because every year they do the fencing, which shows that they are putting fake poles which are not treated by oil.

So may the Minister of Transport and Infrastructural Development go and visit and then come back with your indulgence and tell the House that he has gone and checked on those poles to avoid accidents and to avoid the corruption of setting up fences every year on the same places. I thank you.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Thank you, Hon. Sithole.  That is a good point of national interest.  The Clerks-at-the-Table have noted it but I would also advise that you raise it again with the Minister during Wednesday's Question Time.

HON. S. SITHOLE: Thank you Mr. Speaker.

HON. A. GUMBO:  Thank you very much Mr. Speaker Sir. My statement of national importance arises from the Constitution of the land. And I will make particular reference, Mr. Speaker Sir, to Section 225 of the Constitution of Zimbabwe. For the benefit of those who might not be in the know of the said section, I will so read. Section 225 of the Constitution Hon. Speaker, stipulates that the President must appoint a Minister to be responsible for any intelligence service and that is part four of the Constitution of the land.

Now, Mr. Speaker Sir, it is common knowledge that when several appointments of Ministers of Government were gazetted and assignments were attributed to the different Ministers of State in the President's Office, there was never mention of an appointment of a Minister in charge of or responsible for intelligence service in this country. The last Minister who served in that portfolio was Minister Ncube, and this is a matter of public knowledge.

Now, Mr. Speaker, Section 225 of the Constitution places a peremptory obligation on the President.  It uses the word ‘must’ and what that means is that the President must not exercise a choice as far as fulfilling that obligation is concerned. Of course, he may exercise his choice as far as who he appoints to the said Minister.

So, it is very clear as it stands and as things stand now, we are one year after the election and we are in the second session of the Tenth Parliament, still to date, no single Minister has come into this House with or carrying the responsibility of National and State Security.

Now, this is an abrogation of a constitutional nature. The consequences of which are dire, Mr. Speaker, at the core of our function as Parliament is to observe and safeguard the Constitution of the land. So, it is imperative and it is incumbent upon this Parliament because of this derogation of a constitutional obligation Mr. Speaker.

Now, this abrogation of a constitutional obligation, Mr. Speaker, threatens the fulfilment or the honouring of other constitutional obligations and if this House is to turn a blind eye to a critical constitutional obligation that is not being fulfilled by the President, what happens Mr. Speaker?

HON. KARIKOGA: On a point of Order! The Hon. Member has already stressed his point. He is into debating now. The point has been heard and taken note of. He must sit down and allow other things to happen here.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Hon. Gumbo, yes, you should not debate. You have made your point. You have read to us the Constitution. Can you please wind up? – [HON. MEMBERS: Inaudible interjections.]- Hon. Members, we have come to do Government Business. Please, let us not do that.

HON. MATANGIRA: On a point of order! In Parliament, Hon. Members are supposed to act honourably. The Hon. Member is not supposed to be angry. When you drive a point, drive it well to where it should be put. I thank you.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Hon. Matangira, there was no point of order, I have already asked Honourable Gumbo to wind up.

HON. MAMBIPIRI: On a point of order! Hon. Matangira is not properly dressed for this House. According to the standing rules of this House, he cannot dress like that and address us. Please, Mr. Speaker, we do not have to compromise the Standing Orders and the decorum of this House. He is wearing a beret, and some gumboots, as if he is going to a disco function. I thank you.

         THE ACTING SPEAKER: Hon. Member, I think you have made your point. You said he is not properly dressed.  Now when you describe him as wearing gumboots, does he have gumboots? – [HON. MEMBERS: Inaudible interjections.] - He does have gumboots. What is this? We are going to check on the gumboots. Thank you.

The Sergeant-at-Arms was tasked to verify on Hon.

Matangira’s dress code.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Order, order Hon. Members. The Sergeant-at-Arms has observed what Hon. Matangira is wearing and he says it is a complete African attire dressing.  – [HON. MEMBERS: Inaudible interjections.] - Order.  Hon. Gumbo, may you please wind up.

HON. GUMBO: Indeed, I will wind up Mr. Speaker Sir. Standing Order Number 62 allows us to make a statement. A statement encapsulates a bit of debate because it is an expression of my thoughts on the particular issue raised.  So, I cannot be prevented from debating.  Anyway, I will get to the point I sought to make. Where a constitutional obligation has not been fulfilled…

THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Thank you Honourable.

HON. GUMBO: But Hon. Speaker, I have not dealt with the conclusion - [AN HON. MEMBER: Point of order!] -  Just 30 seconds.

THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Yes, you see when you referred to the Standing Order Number 62, it gives you a minute to make a statement.

HON. GUMBO: I was interrupted by the point of order…

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Yes, I think I have actually given you more than a minute.

HON. GUMBO:  No, no, no, Mr. Speaker, I was calculating. When you stopped me, it was at 30 seconds.

THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Okay, can you finish the remaining 30 seconds then.

HON. GUMBO:  Thank you Mr. Speaker. Now, it is incumbent upon this Parliament to preserve the integrity of the superior law of the land. This is not a partisan issue but this is an issue which affects every Zimbabwean in this country.  We have a privilege as Members of Parliament to address Ministers of State and Ministers of Government who come into this House on national issues.

So, in the absence of a Minister of National Security in this country, there are serious national security questions. We are unable to interrogate and demand answers from the Executive.

That goes to the heart and the core of our role of oversight. So, Mr. Speaker Sir, we put...

*HON. ZVAIPA:  Point of order! Point of order!

THE ACTING SPEAKER:  What is your point of order?

*HON. ZVAIPA:  My point of order is that Hon. Gumbo is talking about a pertinent issue of national interest.  He has exceeded his time limit.  I, therefore, move that his time be extended by another five minutes. - [HON. MEMBERS: Inaudible interjections.] –

Motion put and negatived.

THE ACTING SPEAKR:  Hon. Gumbo, your point of national interest is noted.  However, we must remind each other that it is the President's prerogative to appoint Ministers.  What you said Hon. Gumbo has been taken note of. Thank you.

HON. GUMBO:  Point of clarity Mr. Speaker on your ruling. Just a point of clarity.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: From whom?

HON. GUMBO:  Arising from the ruling you have made.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Yes, I have just said your point of national interest has been noted.

HON. GUMBO:  I seek clarity on the second part…

THE ACTING SPEAKER:  On the second part where we said the prerogative to appoint Ministers..

HON. GUMBO:  Yes, I seek clarity on that.

THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Is it on the President? – [HON. GUMBO: I seek clarity.] - What clarity? Do you appoint Ministers? – [HON. GUMBO: Is it your point Mr. Speaker that the President has the prerogative to violate the Constitution?] -

THE ACTING SPEAKER:  I did not say that. – [HON. GUMBO: But that is what you are saying.  When you say...] – Hon. Gumbo!  Hon. Gumbo! You know I like the way you project yourself and speak.  I am not fighting with you. I am only telling you that the prerogative to appoint Ministers in Zimbabwe lies with the President. You have raised this point.  Even the point that you are raising, you are raising it so that the President acts. Is that okay? You are raising the point so that the President acts. He appoints a Minister.

HON. GUMBO: Indeed, the President must act. The Leader of Government Business must relay this message.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: That is why I said it is noted.

Thank you. – [AN HON. MEMBER: It is an impeachable offence.] -  Who is speaking when they have not been recognised by the Chair? Hon. Hlatywayo is that true? Okay – [HON.?? HLATYWAYO:  It is not true, it is not true.] -

*HON. MUNEMO:  Thank you Hon. Speaker and good afternoon to you.  The point of national interest which I want to raise pertains to our kombi drivers.  Mr. Speaker Sir, kombi drivers are driving dangerously. The conductors are not sitting inside the kombis but they precariously hang on to the kombis from behind the kombi.

I saw one falling down and a car from behind ran over the conductor, which means that the car from behind was found wanting as the driver could not avoid but to run over him. So, the issue of kombi crews should be really investigated. Even yesterday when the rains were falling heavily, you would find that kombi crews were loading from all over the place, instead of loading from the designated ranks.  This is compromising the safety of other motorists along our roads.  I thank you.

*THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Thank you Hon. Munemo. It is really of concern that people are losing their lives because of reckless kombi crews. The point of national interest has been noted but why do you not raise it on a Wednesday during Question Time, directing it to the Minister of Transport and Infrastructural Development?  You need to raise it so that you address the issue to the Minister, looking at Government policy.

*HON. MUNEMO: Thank you Hon. Speaker, Sometimes I might not get the chance but it is a point of national interest.  I thank you.

MOTION

BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE

HON. KARIKOGA:  Thank you Mr. Speaker. I move that Orders of the Day, Numbers 1 to 4 be stood over until Orders of the Day Numbers 5, 6, 8, 14, 17, 18, 23 have been disposed of in that order.

HON. NYANDORO:  I second.

Motion put and agreed on.

MOTION

RESTORATION OF THE MOTION ON THE REPORT OF THE PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE, HOME AFFAIRS, SECURITY SERVICES AND WAR VETERANS AFFAIRS ON THE PETITION FROM SAM PARIRENYATWA ON THE EXHUMATION AND DECENT BURIAL OF HEROES AND HEROINES WHO PERISHED DURING THE LIBERATION STRUGGLE ON THE ORDER PAPER

         HON. NGULUVHE: Thank you Mr. Speaker Sir. I move that the motion on the Report of the Portfolio Committee on Defence, Home Affairs, Security Services and War Veterans Affairs which dealt with the issue of petition from Parirenyatwa be restored on the Order Paper in terms of Standing Order Number 77.

         HON. S. SAKUPWANYA: I second.

         Motion put and agreed to.

MOTION

REPORT OF THE PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON ICT, POSTAL AND COURIER SERVICES ON MOBILE AND INTERNET CONNECTIVITY

         HON. V. MOYO: I move the motion standing in my name that this House considers and adopts the Report of the Portfolio Committee on ICT, Postal and Courier Services on mobile and internet connectivity in Zimbabwe.

         HON. MUNEMO:  I second.

         HON. V. MOYO:  Thank you Mr. Speaker Sir and good afternoon. 

         THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Good afternoon.

         HON. V. MOYO:  I stand to move the motion on a Portfolio Committee on ICT, Postal and Courier Services on mobile and internet connectivity in Zimbabwe.

1.0 Introduction

In today's interconnected world, mobile internet connectivity is essential. Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) are now key drivers of economic development, emphasising the need to enhance access to these technologies. The Portfolio Committee on ICT Postal and Courier Services, tasked with overseeing the Ministry's efforts to improve connectivity, conducted an inquiry to assess network quality and evaluate initiatives to bridge the digital divide. This inquiry focused on Zimbabwe's mobile and internet connectivity, recognising that modern mobile internet usage requires devices supporting 3G, 4G, and 5G. This investigation aligns with the National Development Strategy, which aims for internet access at the village level by 2030. It also supports the vision of His Excellency the President, Dr. E.D. Mnangagwa, to "leave no one or no place behind," striving for a prosperous and empowered upper-middle-income society by 2030.

2.0              Objectives of the Enquiry

• The following are the objectives;

1. To investigate the measures implemented by the Ministry to enhance mobile and internet connectivity in
2. To identify the challenges faced in improving
3. To evaluate the scope of network coverage in marginalised areas.
4. To assess the advancements in establishing base stations in the country's remote

3.0 Methodology

The Committee used the following methods in conducting the enquiry;

1. Oral evidence presented by the Ministry of ICT and the Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe on mobile and internet connectivity in
2. Oral evidence provided by Mobile Network Operators within the Telecommunication Association of Zimbabwe on the state of mobile and internet connectivity in Zimbabwe.

The Committee conducted verification visits to selected base stations in remote areas in order  to assess and verify the extent of network coverage in marginalised areas, to appreciate the structure of a base station with the help of engineers, to appreciate the challenges faced in establishing base stations and to assess the challenges being faced by the community members in accessing network connectivity.

4.0              Committee Findings

• Measures Being Implemented by the Ministry of ICT to Enhance Mobile and Internet Connectivity in Zimbabwe.

The Committee received oral evidence from the Ministry of ICT Postal and Courier Services. The Permanent Secretary, Dr Chirume emphasized the critical need for the prioritisation of foreign currency allocation to support the importation of all sector infrastructure. It was submitted that to improve connectivity, there was need for infrastructure development so as to improve mobile and internet connectivity. The Permanent Secretary highlighted that the development of ICT infrastructure needed foreign currency hence the ICT sector should be prioritised.

She further mentioned that, although the infrastructure sharing scheme was being rolled out, there was no comprehensive policy on infrastructure sharing, except basic regulations and guidelines. Dr. Chirume also noted that in terms of improving connectivity, the Ministry and POTRAZ, the regulatory authority, were still awaiting licence applications from other potential operators in Zimbabwe. The Permanent Secretary further mentioned that the power challenges have been affecting network availability, prompting the need for investments in alternative energy sources. The operational impacts of load shedding included reduced network availability, spill-over effects, equipment damage and negative effects on power back-up systems.

4.2              Measures Being Implemented by Postal Telecommunication Regulatory Authority of  Zimbabwe on Mobile and Internet Connectivity in Zimbabwe

In his presentation, Dr. Machengete informed the Committee that exchange rate fluctuations had led to a distorted tariff regime, causing significant disruptions and prompting consumers to favour  one currency over another. This has caused changes on the tariffs as inflation has caused price distortions on pricing of tariffs. He suggested that reducing ICT infrastructure costs could be achieved through infrastructure sharing and emphasized the need for better national integrated planning such as the "Dig Once Policy."

The Director-General also detailed the extensive infrastructure sharing initiatives among operators and other providers, with a total of 1,290 towers  currently shared as follows: 613 by Econet, 534 by NetOne, and 143 by Telecel. He noted that operators were generally guided by roll-out obligations and that sites funded by the Universal Service Fund were distributed evenly across all provinces. Additionally, he indicated that the adoption of 5G networks and new technologies was slow in the country due to the high investment  requirements.

During the oral evidence meeting, the Committee inquired about licensing Starlink in the country. Dr. Machengete remarked that Starlink must submit an application to obtain a licence to operate within the nation according to the regulatory requirements. Taking into consideration the presentation by the Director General, it has been noted that infrastructure sharing and the roll-out of 5G network were the initiatives being implemented by Postal Telecommunication Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe. However, the Committee noticed that there was lack of policy framework governing infrastructure sharing among operators.

4.3              Measures to Enhance Mobile and Internet Connectivity in Zimbabwe by Telecommunication Operators Association of Zimbabwe.

The Chairperson of Telecommunication Operators Association of Zimbabwe (TOAZ), Eng. Nkala outlined targets to increase internet penetration from 59.1% in 2020 to 75.42% by 2025, aligning with NDS1 objectives. He highlighted the disparities, noting that internet usage in developed countries reached 81% in urban and 50% in rural areas, compared to 57% and 23% respectively in Africa. Emphasizing the internet as a basic human necessity, he reported Zimbabwe's ICT industry statistics as follows: 97.5% mobile penetration, 14.7% active mobile subscriptions, 73.3% internet penetration, 10.6% internet data subscribers, and a 55% smartphone penetration rate.

He underscored the impact of taxes on data services, with approximately USD$2.77 paid in taxes and levies for every USD$10 spent. He further outlined the measures which are in place to enhance connectivity which include; infrastructure sharing with 339 shared and 30 operational Universal Service Fund sites. From the presentation, the Committee noted that the challenges which were being faced in improving mobile and internet connectivity in Zimbabwe by Mobile Network Operators were upstream internet bandwidth, high taxation on ICT infrastructure and gadgets, licencing fees, power  outages, security, network maintenance and staffing. The operational impacts of load shedding include reduced network availability, spill-over effects, equipment damage and negative effects on power back-up systems.

Representatives from the Mobile Network Operators lamented the shortage of foreign currency and highlighted ongoing challenges within the telecommunications industry. Despite efforts by operators to enhance mobile and internet connectivity in rural and urban areas, they underscored significant obstacles such as access to foreign currency, power outages and taxation.

5.0              Field Visits to Selected Base Stations in Marginalised Areas.

The Committee conducted verification visits to selected base stations, to Gachegache base stations (Kariba), Chiodza base station in Mvuma, Nemashakwe base station in Gutu, Manama base station in Gwanda and Fairview Adventure in Hwedza.

 

5.1              Extent of Network Coverage in Remote Areas Visited.

One of the areas visited was Gachegache base station where it noted operational challenges with certain networks, leading to a connectivity lag in the community. In line with the objective to appreciate the structure of a base station, the Committee was informed that the Gachegache base station was established in 2018 and commissioned in 2019. The station was managed by NetOne and also hosted Econet and Telecel. The network coverage in Gachegache was very limited to the extent that the community members fail to make a call hence showing that the extent of network coverage was limited in remote areas.

Furthermore, the Committee visited Chiodza Base station in Mvuma. During the Committee's briefing, it was disclosed that the base station was established in 2012 and activated in 2013. It also emerged that between USD400 000 and USD600 000 was used to set up the entire infrastructure. During the site visit, Econet and NetOne were the operators which were present. It  was presented that the Chiodza base station was a hub site which featured a 70-meter tower powered by a 46-kilowatt solar power plant with back-up from a standby generator. The base station hosted multiple operators, each maintaining their own equipment. Managed by Econet, the station delivered both 2G and 3G network services, with Netone operating up to 4G.

The Committee visited one of the marginalised areas in the Zibululungu base station in Tsholotsho which was established in 2012 and then commissioned in 2013. This station acted as an end point, receiving signals from the Dhlamini Transmission in Lupane and was managed by Econet. The Committee noted that the station faced recurring power issues, impacting its ability to provide coverage within its designated 20km radius. It was presented to the Committee that residents within this area frequently experienced connectivity disruptions during power outages. Despite offering 2G, 3G, and 4G networks, community members reported limited access to Econet services until after ten o’ clock in the evening.

More-so, the Committee visited Fair View Adventure base station in Hwedza and learnt that this base station was part of phase 3 in the tower relocation project which was established in 2022. The Committee was also informed that the station was an end site which had been highlighted as a model for high-quality stations to be replicated everywhere. Managed by Econet, it offered 2G, 3G, and 4G networks. Community members noted their access to mobile and internet services, attributing it to the station's hybrid solar and generator power system which presented no power challenges. Security was available at the station. The community commended the tower relocation initiative and suggested its expansion to additional remote areas.

In addition, the Committee visited the Manama base station which was situated at Manama Mission Hospital in Gwanda. It learnt that the station was erected under the USF fund to cover a 25km radius. NetOne, Econet, TelOne and Telecel share the site, however Telecel was absent during the Committee's visit. TelOne manages the site, nevertheless NetOne's coverage was limited and Econet offered only 2G and 3G networks. The base station served as an endpoint receiving signals from Gwanda and operated using a 46-kilowatt solar power array.

Local residents reported poor network coverage, prompting reliance on Botswana's foreign networks. Local telecom companies stated that they had limited market demand in the area as there was increased use of foreign lines over local ones which lead to security concerns. In line with the objectives of the visit of the Committee to assess the extent of network coverage in remote areas, the Committee came to the understanding that the community members in Manama mainly use foreign networks from Botswana because the network coverage was very limited, which poses a security threat especially on cyber-attacks and data theft. There was also need to upgrade the base station in Manama to 4 G network so as to improve connectivity in Manama for the benefit of the community members.

6.0              Committee Observations

• Power Outages

When the Committee visited the base station in Gachegache, Zibululungu , Nemashakwe and Chiodza base stations, it noticed that power outages in Zimbabwe pose significant challenges for base stations, impacting the quality and reliability of telecommunications services. Frequent breakdowns and load shedding make it challenging for base stations to operate consistently and while generators serve as a backup, they are not always dependable or adequate for extended outages. These issues underscore the necessity for more sustainable and reliable energy solutions to bolster telecommunications infrastructure in Zimbabwe.

 

6.2              Poor Management of Base Station

The management of base stations in Zimbabwe has encountered numerous challenges. Delays in the construction and maintenance of base stations, especially in rural areas, have been a significant issue. Telecel Zimbabwe in particular, is grappling with substantial challenges in managing its base stations, leading to a decrease in active mobile subscriptions as customers migrate to competitors offering more dependable services. The company is struggling operationally and financially, with limited funding aggravating the difficulties in maintaining and upgrading infrastructure.

 Consequently, Telecel's market share and customer base have dwindled as consumers opt for more reliable alternatives. Furthermore, the Committee has recognised the necessity for proper coordination in managing base station infrastructure, advocating for a robust policy framework on infrastructure sharing. The Committee observed that Telecel does not have the capacity to manage the base stations under its purview in the country as the company has been struggling exemplified by issues observed at the Nemashakwe Bbase Station.

 

6.3              Mobile and Internet Service in Remote Areas.

The Committee during their visits observed the challenges being faced by the community members in accessing mobile and internet services in remote areas of Zimbabwe. This was noted in areas such as Gachegache, Manama and Zibulungu base station. Community members in Gachegache proposed that there should be a citizen-operator engagement platform to monitor service accessibility, especially in remote areas like Gachegache where mobile network access remained a significant challenge. The network coverage in Gachegache was very limited to the extent that the community members failed to make calls and connect to the internet.

In Tsholotsho, Zibululungu Base Station, the Committee noted that despite offering 2G, 3G and 4G networks, community members reported limited access to Econet services until after ten o’clock in the evening. Network providers assured the Committee of their plans to increase solar panel installations in order to improve connectivity. Furthermore, at Manama Base Station the Committee came to the understanding that the community members in Manama mainly use foreign networks from Botswana because the network coverage was very limited, which poses a security threat.

Some of the community members in areas which were visited indicated that challenges being faced by the community members in accessing mobile and internet services in Zimbabwe include high costs of data and airtime, poor network coverage in rural areas and frequent power outages affecting the availability of these services. Additionally, limited access to affordable smartphones and lack of digital literacy among certain populations further exacerbate the difficulties in accessing these essential services.

6.4              High Taxes Rebates on Importation of ICT Equipment and Gadgets

The Committee observed the need to reduce taxes on ICT devices when importing ICT gadgets and the need for provision of subsidies to industry stakeholders to ease financial burdens, particularly noting that tax rebates could support operators. Tax rebates in particular, could help operators by lowering their operational costs, allowing them to invest more in infrastructure and services. This could lead to improved network coverage and reliability in remote areas and digital inclusion.

6.5              Adoption of New Technologies to Improve Internet Connectivity in Zimbabwe

It was also noted that the Postal Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (POTRAZ) and the Ministry of ICT had no flexible policies that balance the protection of current entities with the integration of new technologies, for example the adoption of Starlink as it will improve internet connectivity in the country and also protecting the already existing telecommunication companies. It was also observed that there is an absence of mechanisms to encourage competition and address monopolistic market structures within the sector. Tackling monopolistic market structures and fostering competition in the telecommunications sector can be difficult yet it is crucial for enhancing service quality and affordability. The Committee recognised the importance of capacitating and upgrade the network of existing base stations to 4G and 5G network, particularly those in remote areas especially in Gachegache, Manama Nemashakwe base stations.

6.6              High Licencing Fees

The Committee noted concerns about high licencing fees for Internet and mobile service providers. High licencing fees can hinder the entry of smaller or new operators into the market, possibly diminishing competition and innovation. Moreover, these fees may result in higher costs for consumers if providers decide to offset these expenses by raising service charges.

In Zimbabwe, the Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (POTRAZ) determines the licencing fees for mobile network operators. These fees are significant; for example, the initial fee for a Mobile Network Operator Licence is USD 137,000,000, accompanied by an annual fee of 3.5% of gross turnover plus VAT and application fee at USD 800.

6.7              Use of Alternative Renewable Power Sources

The Committee also noted the need for Mobile Network Operators to be innovative by converting all base stations to off-grid systems using alternative energy sources like solar and enhancing security investments.

6.8              Infrastructure Sharing on Base Stations

The Committee observed that there was improved network performance where service providers share infrastructure especially at Chiodza and Fairview base station. The Committee further observed that there was need for a proper coordination in running the base stations being shared by operators hence the need for infrastructure sharing policy.

7.0 Committee Recommendations

The Committee made the following recommendations;

• The Ministry of Finance, Economic Development and Investment Promotion should priorities foreign currency allocations to capacitate infrastructure development and increase on investment in ICT infrastructure projects and new technologies to expand digital access by 31 December 2025.
• The Ministry of Finance, Economic Development and Investment Promotion should review policies that impact on viability of the telecommunication sector, for example the tax rebates for the ICT gadgets by December 2025.
• In order to develop infrastructure and attract investments, the Ministry of ICT should allow other players to provide mobile and internet services in the country to allow competition from other private players such as Huawei and Starlink by 31 December
• That with effect from 2025, POTRAZ should effectively oversee the deployment and operations of base stations to ensure improved quality of the telecommunication services.
• That the Ministry of ICT, Postal and Telecommunication Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe should complete as per schedule, the tower relocation project, especially in remote areas by the first quarter of 2025.
• That the Ministry of ICT and POTRAZ should urgently prioritise border lying community network provision in areas such as Manama as citizens are using foreign networks for mobile and internet connectivity.
• The Postal and Telecommunication Regulatory Authority in Zimbabwe should fast track the 4G and 5 G roll-out plan in line with the existing
• The Postal and Telecommunication Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe should create a platform of engagement with the citizens in order to assess network challenges in different parts of the country by December 2025.
• Mobile Network Operators overseeing base stations should consider installing solar power systems in addition to generators and electrical power supplies. This would guarantee uninterrupted connectivity during power outages with a target completion date of January

8.0 Conclusion

In conclusion, the Committee commended the Ministry and Postal and Telecommunication Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe for their efforts in establishing base stations across the country even though the progress was very slow. The findings revealed that mobile network operators are encountering challenges such as power outages, high taxation on ICT gadgets, a shortage of foreign currency and a lack of an infrastructure policy framework. Despite these issues, significant disparities in mobile and internet connectivity remain, especially in remote areas, as observed during visits to Gachegache, Zibululungu, Manama and Nemashakwe base stations. It is imperative to implement additional measures to guarantee that every citizen has access to these essential services like mobile communication and internet connectivity. I thank you.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: During the time that Hon. Moyo was presenting his report, I observed that Hon. Members on my right were listening and were quiet but most Hon. Members on my left were engaging in conversations and more often in voices that are more than whispers. Please, let us learn to respect when one of the Members is presenting a report. Let us listen to it and that is how we will be able to debate on the issues raised.

*HON. MUNEMO: I would like to thank Hon. Moyo for raising this issue about ICT in this House. I would also like to appreciate the Portfolio Committee Members who went for the outreach programme and looked into the work being done by the ICT Ministry. Internet and network coverage are supposed to get to everyone in this country according to the Constitution of this country and in line with the President’s mantra that no place and no one should be left behind. By the time we get to 2030, network coverage must be everywhere and people must get access to network anytime and they must get information and news from all over the world. They must get information on their leaders including what Hon. Members in this august House are doing.

I believe as Hon. Members here, we have been given the opportunity to ensure that people out there can get to hear or know what is happening in here. Therefore, I believe that ICT Ministry entails the technology of communication between people and between organisations and countries. That is what is driving many ministries or companies.

I would like to applaud the Hon. Members of this Committee who went on a fact-finding mission on what the ICT Ministry is doing to ensure that by the time we get to 2030, this country will have adequate network coverage. We went for the outreach programme and I believe that by 2030, everything will be in place. We also went to get the opinions of those who are supposed to be receiving network coverage, whether they have information on what is happening in urban areas as well as many other parts of the country.

We also visited the rural areas to find out whether they are getting network according to what the Ministry of ICT is saying. So, we realised that this is a very important Ministry as well as the plan and the policy that everyone must get access to information as well as network. This enables people to trade from wherever they are regardless of where we stay. That is why we went to find out if the network coverage is everywhere. Indeed, there is a lot of work being done.

When we got to Gache Gache in Kariba, we saw a base station where you get access to all the network providers like NetOne, Econet and Telecel. Unfortunately, there was no network coverage in that place. It shows that although the base station was constructed, it is not supplying the services it is supposed to give. That shows that there is a lot of work that needs to be done to ensure that Gache Gache people get access to information. Right now, we are supposed to be talking about Pfumvudza as well as the delivery of inputs but the people are unable to get news and information. We spoke to Ministry of ICT officials as well as Econet and Netone who are the owners of the base station and they referred to the Universal Services Fund which is a fund that is supposed to be used by the network providers in constructing base stations. They said it is not moving well because some of the companies that were left on those base stations are not doing their work diligently. So, when we got there, we were told that Telecel is the one that is supposed to be in charge of that base station but it shows that the network coverage is not going anywhere, which means where we are here, those people in Gache Gache cannot get to know what we are saying or what we are doing. We also went to Mvuma where there is a base station led by Econet Chiwodza base station. Indeed, there is network coverage it is better in that area but because the area is very mountainous. People behind the mountains were unable to get a powerful signal good enough to be used for communication.

It shows that there is a requirement for other base stations in that area to transmit further from the main base station. That also showed that there is need for funding to ensure that goes well. While still at Chiwodza, the power that they were using, they were using solar panels. It was working well and they had prepared well, they had a generator on standby. This shows that people are continuously getting network coverage and that they are better organised. It shows that Econet people who were leading that base station were clear that they want to give the service to their customers at any given time. We also went to Tsholotsho, there was no network coverage.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Hon. Member, close to the engineer you heard me. Hon. Mhetu, respectable Hon. Why do you do that? You must not converse in voices that are more than whispers when your colleague is debating, please. – [HON. BONDA: On a point of order.] - What is your point of order Hon. Member?

HON. BONDA: Thank you Mr. Speaker. I just wanted clarity if the Hon. Member visited Tsholotsho or Bulawayo because Thsolotsho is not in Bulawayo and Bulawayo is not in Tsholotsho. 

THE ACTING SPEAKER: What did he say?

HON. BONDA: May be if he can repeat his statement then we can be moving together on the same page. If he can repeat what he said, I believe we can move together.

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Okay Hon. Member.  I will indulge you. Hon. Munemo you can go ahead.

*HON. MUNEMO: Thank you Mr. Speaker. I would like to say I did not get clear information on that area but it is in Matabeleland North, Tsholotsho at Sibulu. I may not be so good at actually locating the difference between Bulawayo and that area because I do not stay there. I would like to thank the Hon. Member for pointing out that issue. Thank you Mr. Speaker Sir. All we are discussing here is that we want people to get access to network coverage and information.

It is in the National Development Strategy that by 2030, all that must be fulfilled. It shows that this is a very important Ministry and the Ministry of Finance must look at it. It shows that there is no Ministry Department or Ministry that does not need ICT. We also had the opportunity to find out what happens when there is no solar energy. We went to Gwanda Manama and they were using a generator. We then realised that they were using a generator for a long time and we realised that it consumed a lot of finance. The country will lose a lot of revenue through that.

There is need for rectifying the policy of infrastructure sharing because the policy is not clear on what exactly should be done. We also went to Nyika growth point base station. The batteries for power storage were no longer functioning and they stopped working in 2017 and for more that five years, they were now using a generator. So, whilst we are talking about solar energy as better in terms of preserving money, we also notice that it means that those who are managing the base stations are not doing their work properly.

We were also told that the workers were not paid for over a long time. Mr. Speaker, this Ministry must be allocated a lot of funds so that it works freely and efficiently. We also noticed that there were issues to do with residents in the area. We noticed that it is not all areas where they get access to network.

HON. GUMBO: The Hon. Member must be restricted to debating the report that has been given. We cannot have two reports from the same Committee. The Chairperson of the Committee gave the report. This issue of reference where they went is another report. The Member must not give a report, he must give his debate based on the report already given. Not giving us new facts from their consultations that is contrary to what the report is saying.

I will refer Hon. Speaker to Standing Order 111, which is very clear that the Member must not persist on irrelevant tedious repetition of arguments or of statements which another Member has already placed before the House. The Chairperson gave the report, let his debate stop, takaenda kwakati, takaenda kwakati. Not to give us the debate. Thank you

THE ACTING SPEAKER: Hon. Chief Whip, I will recognise you. I need to rule. Your point of order is noted Hon. Member, I recognise the Hon. Chief Whip.

         *HON. KARIKOGA: Hon. Speaker Sir, the Hon. Member debating is the one who went with the Chairman who presented the report.  The Hon. Member should allow the Hon. Member to finish his presentation because what he is referring to is what he saw.  So, the Hon. Member must stop troubling the Hon. Member debating to finish the debate in peace.

         THE ACTING SPEAKER: Hon. Munemo, ensure that you do not repeat what the Committee Chairperson said.

         *HON. MUNEMO: Thank you Mr. Speaker Sir.  I was trying to emphasise and give details because this is work that we came for.  We are not in a hurry, we are here to work.  Let me wind up my debate.  It shows that the Ministry of ICT and companies that are involved in ICT are very few.  We need more companies to compete because we realise that there is new…

         Hon. Mhetu having passed between the Hon. Member holding the floor and the Hon. Speaker.

         THE ACTING SPEAKER: Hon. Mhetu, the Standing Orders do not allow you to stand between the debating Hon. Member and myself.  Go back.

         *HON. MUNEMO: We realise that for many years, companies in ICT are very few.  There is need to ensure that many companies come into play so that we all get network coverage.  They were also crying foul about the taxes that they are charged, which they are saying are costing them too much and impeding their efficient work.  I think it is important to present it to the Hon. Minister of Finance to look into that.

         In addition, with regards to base stations, these companies – it is good that they all constructed base stations in various areas.   I think it is best to ensure that they install separate infrastructure and share base stations where possible.  We realise that it is better to remove some of the constructed towers and install them elsewhere so that by 2030, we give coverage to everyone according to the Vision.  I thank you.

         HON. KARIKOGA: I move that the debate do now adjourn.

         HON. NYANDORO: I second.

         Motion put and agreed to.

         Debate to resume: Tuesday, 26^th November, 2024.

MOTION

REPORT OF THE PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON HEALTH AND CHILD CARE ON THE PETITION FROM THE NURSE AIDES ASSOCIATION OF ZIMBABWE TRUST

        HON. MAKOMBE:  Thank you Mr. Speaker Sir.  I move the motion standing in my name that this House considers and adopts the Report of the Portfolio Committee on Health and Child Care on the Petition from the Nurse Aides Association of Zimbabwe Trust, requesting for the enactment of an Act establishing the Nurse Aide Council of Zimbabwe.

         HON. MHETU: I second.

       HON. MAKOMBE:  In accordance with the provisions of Section 149 of the Constitution of Zimbabwe, the Nurse Aide Association of Zimbabwe (NAAZT) requested Parliament of Zimbabwe, through a petition, to consider enactment of an Act establishing the Nurse Aide Council of Zimbabwe. Accordingly, the petition was referred to the Portfolio Committee on Health and Child Care for consideration. The Petitioner had submitted a similar petition during the 5^th session of the 9^th Parliament, and the previous Committee had made strides, conducting the enquiry into the matter. This report, therefore, highlights the, findings, observations and recommendations by the Committees based on the information gathered by the previous Committee and further by the current Committee.

NAAZT PRAYER

The Petitioner (s) prayer was that Parliament; Enacts an Act titled

“Nurse Aides Council Act” which will be responsible for evaluating and

monitoring of standards and quality of examinations. In addition,

ensuring that all nurse aides under its jurisdiction meet acceptable level

of competence before they begin to practice. 

COMMITTEE OBJECTIVES

In its inquiry, the Committee was guided by the following objectives;

-To respond to the Petitioner’s prayer;

-To appreciate the operations of Nurse Aides in the health delivery system; and

-To offer policy recommendations, in relation to the request.

4.0 METHODOLOGY

   The Committee undertook the following activities in gathering evidence; 1. On 6^th February, 2024, the Committee received oral evidence from Dr. A. Maunganidze, the Permanent Secretary for the Ministry of Health and Child Care, to appreciate Ministry’s position regarding enacting laws to provide for operations of the Nurse Aides Council in Zimbabwe. In addition, the Committee received oral evidence from Mr. Chagwada, the President of NAAZT, to get an insight into the issues raised in the petition. (The same submission was presented during the 9^th Parliament)

During the 9^th Parliament, public hearings were conducted from the 8^th - 13^th of May 2023 to gather public views on the enactment of the Nurse Aides Council Act.  The Committee was divided into two groups, each covering 5 provinces. Team A covered Chinhoyi, Bindura, Marondera, Victoria Chitepo Provincial Hospitals and Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals. Team B visited Masvingo, Gwanda Provincial Hospitals, United Bulawayo Hospital, and St Luke Mission Hospital.

The Committee received two submissions from the Health Professions Authority of Zimbabwe and the Ministry of Defence on their views regarding enactment of law to regulate nurse aides and establishment of a Nurse Aides Council. The Committee deliberated on the submissions received and came up with its report.

         COMMITTEE FINDINGS:

         Operations of Nurse Aides Association of Zimbabwe Trust.

The Nurse Aides Association of Zimbabwe Trust (NAAZT) is an organisation registered as a Trust with a formal structure (Board), that include the President, Vice President, Treasure, Secretary General and National Chairperson. NAAZT draws its membership from nurse aides across the country. The major objective of the Association is to present the interests of nurse aides across the country. Nurse aides viewed their occupation as a healthcare professional whose valued members plays an important role in providing care to patients by offering basic quality services.

During public hearings, the Committee recognised that the majority of Nurse Aides where not familiar with the operations NAAZT, except for Bulawayo Metropolitan. However, they were not opposed to the needs of a law establishing a Council.

         Enactment of the Nurse Aides Council Act

 Parliament through the Committee was requested by NAAZT to facilitate the enactment of a Nurse Aides Council Act which would establish the Nurse Aides Council. The Nurse Aides Council among others would be responsible for regulating the profession of Nurse Aides, ensure discipline and represent the interests of Nurse Aides. In general, the Council would facilitate legal representation, craft binding policies and code of conduct. 

The MoHCC position was that Nurse Aides were not classified under the health professions, an argument that was cemented by the Health Professions Authority of Zimbabwe (HPAZ). The HPAZ noted that the nurse aides were employed in the health Sector in terms of section 9 (b) of the Health Service Act, as general hands to assist the medically qualified professions as identified by Section 9 (a) of the same Act. The identified lowest grade in the health sector was identified as the Primary Care Nurse (PCN), whose duration of training was 24 months, whereas nurse aides ranges from few days to 3 months.

HPAZ observed that historically, the Nurse Aides were a product of the Zimbabwe Red Cross Act which is administered by the Ministry of Defence, in line with the Geneva Conventions on the management of armed conflicts. However, they argued that the Red Cross Society orientation did not produce a health professional who could be registered under the Health Professions Act. Hence, HPAZ maintained its position that Nurse Aides cannot be considered as health professionals who need to be regulated as such.

The Ministry of Defence submitted a different view and argued that

establishing a Nurse Aides Council had the potential to improve the quality of health care provided by nurse aides. However, the Ministry noted that there was to need carefully consider and address challenges that may arise during implementation of the initiative such as the cost of establishing and maintaining a Council, resistance from key stakeholders, and possible overlap with existing bodies and equity issues.

During public hearings, nurse aides throughout the provinces visited, emphasized the importance of the Council especially in crafting binding policy and code of conduct. In general, nurse aides mourned lack of legal representation in the MoHCC, hence the idea of a Council was considered beneficial to them. Through legal representation, the Council would resolve grievances among Nurse Aides. In addition, nurse aides’ salaries and wages would be properly addressed and regulated. 

In support to the above sentiments, the Ministry of Defence stressed that a Council was important for enforcing professional standards and ensuring nurse aides adhere to ethical and professional guidelines. With a governing body, there could be regular oversight and evaluation of nurse aides, helping in maintaining high standards and addressing any cases of misconduct or incompetence.

         Regulation of Nurse Aides Training Schools 

Currently, there is no central institution responsible for registration and administration of nurse aides Training Institutions. Due to lack of a regulatory authority, anyone can set up a training school without following any procedure. As a result, there is lack of standardization in setting up the syllabus and administration of examinations. Considering the role being played by nurse aides in assisting Registered Nurses in the administration of medication, NAAZT recommended, that the MoHCC should regulate the operations of training schools and setting up a Council.

The Ministry of Defense emphasized the need to establish Council, as a vehicle for registration of training schools for nurse aides. The Council would then standardize training programmes and certification processes as well as that ensuring all nurse aides have the necessary skills and knowledge. In addition, the Ministry of Defence argued that through such a Council that nurse aides career path can be structured and offer opportunities for development and to further studies, thereby enhancing the professional growth of nurse aides.

The MoHCC maintained its position, disregard establishing a Council including registration of Nurse Aides Training School, as outside its mandate, and impossible as the law does not provide for it. However, the MoHCC identified itself, as a beneficiary of nurse aides from training schools which are supervised by the Ministry of Defence. The Ministry therefore, employs nurse aides who have been trained by Red Cross and St. Johns Ambulance Services. However, the Ministry was expanding its employment base by considering those who have also been trained by indigenous training schools.

         Challenges Being Faced Nurse Aides

NAAZT stressed out that nurse aides working under the MoHCC face serious discrimination, for instance, lack of representation during negotiations over working conditions. In addition, nurse aides were not entitled to uniforms. Furthermore, they were operating without a job description resulting in abuse at work stations. In circumstances where there was donor funding, nurse aides were not enjoying the same benefits as registered nurses. These sentiments were also shared during public hearings.

It was NAAZT’s view that whilst nurse aides were directly involved in the delivery of health services, they were not receiving donor allowances like other health workers. Nurse aides performed various duties including; feeding and bathing patients, administer medication, and run errands, but they were not considered for donor allowances, which other professionals such as registered nurses and primary health care nurses were currently enjoying.

The Ministry of Defence re-emphasized the need to establish a Council, as such a body could then act as a panacea to the identified challenges. The Council can serve as a voice for nurse aides, advocating for better working conditions, remuneration, and recognition within the healthcare sector. Establishing a Council, not only would assist in bringing order the profession, but public confidence and trust in the healthcare system. It demonstrates commitment to high standards and accountability. In general, the Ministry of Defence notes that the Council would collect data and conduct research to improve practices and policies related to nurse aides leading to better healthcare outcomes.

 MoHCC stressed that the Nurse Aides are recognised under Section 9 (b) of the Public Health Act, and are viewed as general hands. Nurse Aides are represented in the Tripartite Negotiation Forum through the Zimbabwe Health Workers Union; therefore, nurse aides were sufficiently representative and sentiments contrary where not giving a true picture. In addition, the Ministry is obliged to respect workers’ rights and does not promote discrimination.

Committee Observations

The Committee observed the following;

In the absence of a regulatory institution, Nurse Aides Training Schools were mushrooming at an alarming state, thereby question the quality of nurse aides being trained.

Although the MoHCC had no responsibility over the Nurse Aides Training Institutions, keeping a blind was is exacerbating the disorder.

Nurse Aides are the first point of contact at a hospital/clinic and are generally recognised by the patients as part of the health service delivery system.

In other first world, nurse aides were regarded as care givers and care giving is a huge industry that is regulated, especially in the developed countries.

COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS

The Committee recommends the following;

The MoHCC should catalogue nurse aides training schools, set up entry qualifications and a syllabus to be followed by all training institutions by 31 December 2024.

The MoHCC should reconsider establishing of a Nurse Aides Council by 31 December 2024, through an Act of Parliament, considering the administrative costs raised by Ministry of Defence, there is an option for an Act which provides for self-regulation through the proposed Council.

8.0 COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS

In a nutshell, the petition by the Nurse Aides Association of Zimbabwe is justifiable considering the role being played by nurse aides in the health delivery services. Although, the MoHCC views nurse aides as general hand, the new developments in the care giving industry, particularly in the developed world requires the Ministry to reconsider its stance on nurse aides in order to derive maximum benefits from this critical sector within the health delivery system.

HON. PINDUKA: Thank you Mr. Speaker Sir for allowing me to also second the motion tabled by Hon. Dr. Makombe on behalf of the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Health and Child Care on a petition submitted by the Nurse Aides Association of Zimbabwe Trust (NAZT), requesting Parliament to enact a Nurse Aides Council Act that will allow the establishment of the Nurse Aides Council.

Mr. Speaker, I would want to first of all highlight that Nurse Aides are among the frontline workers in our primary healthcare system.  Nurse Aides are currently being employed as general hands instead of recognising their work at different rural and urban clinics or any primary health facilities. I think it is not commended.

Mr. Speaker, the new development trends, we can see around the world and also looking at the fast developing economies, the likes of China and other countries, you will see that this primary caregiving service is also on a high momentum and it is high time that the Ministry of Health and Child Care considers the plight of the Nurse Aides Association of Zimbabwe to enact an Act of Parliament that will see the establishment of the Nurse Aides Council.

Mr. Speaker, Nurse Aides in Zimbabwe have quite several roles that they play in their primary healthcare service delivery. When one enters any healthcare facility, they are the Nurse Aides who will be at the frontline providing very important services that even include bathing, feeding patients, administering medicines and running errands in the clinics and hospitals as well as in these primary healthcare facilities.

These Nurse Aides must be accorded an opportunity to also be considered as professionals. It is also important Mr. Speaker, to note that the lowest grade within the Ministry of Health and Child Care, primary care nursing, actually the training is almost two years or 24 months.  However, if you look at the Nurse Aide training across different institutions in Zimbabwe or different localities, you will see that the Nurse Aides training almost ranges from a week even up to three months.

So, I think it is important, Mr. Speaker, for the Ministry of Health and Child Care to consider the Nurse Aides' plight and also take them on board and participate in the professional healthcare system in Zimbabwe. Mr. Speaker Sir, these Nurse Aides are also facing challenges in terms of their way to discharge their duties.

In some instances, they do not have even proper uniforms, which also does not conform well. Other registered nurses and primary care nurses are also entitled to uniforms and these Nurse Aides do not have a uniform entitlement. I think if they are also taken on board to register as a profession, I think they can also get an opportunity to be registered and also get a uniform entitlement.

Working without a job description Mr. Speaker Sir, is really another issue of concern because they can also get abused at the workplace. They can also be subjected to working overtime without getting some off days and sometimes they can also finish very late without allowances or overtime. So, when this is also looked at, it means at the end of the day, their job description will be clear even to them and all those whom they do work with. Also, making sure that they also get better conditions of service, remuneration and recognition within the healthcare system.

 Mr. Speaker Sir, you will also note that even across the training institutions, like what has been also highlighted in the report, several mushrooming institutions are offering the training. As such Mr. Speaker Sir, the Minister of Health is the consumer or is consuming the service of Nurse Aides, which I think is important also for the Minister of Health and Child Care to know where these Nurse Aids are being trained.

I think it is also important for them to come in and also ensure the regulation of Nurse Aides training schools and even come up with syllabuses that are standardised and even also administered in terms of registration, taking into account who is training at which locality. This will also help take stock of the number of Nurse Aides that have been trained and also the subjects and topics covered within the training content. It is also important.

Mr. Speaker Sir, during the oral evidence, the Health Professionals Authority of Zimbabwe argued that the Nurse Aides are a product of the Zimbabwe Medical Society under the Minister of Defence, this is more like a lacuna where the Minister of Health appreciates that they are taking on board the Nurse Aides to also assist the registered nurses. However, in terms of registration, I feel that the Minister of Health and Child Care should also consider registering and regulating the Nurse Aids Council of Zimbabwe training as well as making sure that the Ministry of Health and Child Care, with the Health Professionals Authority of Zimbabwe, also make sure that the Nurse Aids Council of Zimbabwe has been established so that they also know where these Nurse Aides are coming from as they are part of their staff.

Mr. Speaker Sir, the Ministry of Health and Child Care should also set up entry qualifications. I think it is also important to note that across the different institutions that are training Nurse Aids currently in Zimbabwe, sometimes the entry qualification is just someone who can be able to read and write.  I think this is important for the Ministry of Health and Child Care to come up with entry qualifications.

Of course, yes, it seems as if it is more like a duplication to say there is the primary healthcare nursing and as well bringing on board the Nurse Aides, it could be more like a duplication but the fact is true. In terms of operationalisation, Mr. Speaker Sir, these Nurse Aides must be accorded their prayer for the enactment of an Act of Parliament to establish the Nurse Aids Council. It is important so that even their grievances can also be looked at.

Mr. Speaker Sir, the level of standardisation is also an issue because at the end of the day, you see that we have these training institutions just training nurse aids and they will also be leaving to other foreign lands where they are also earning and also participating in this new primary care giving industry.   So, I think this is high time the Ministry of Health and Child Care should also come in, regulate and also administer the registration of the training schools and craft syllabuses so that at the end of the day, Zimbabwe can also benefit from this lucrative industry.

Considering the role played by these nurse aids Mr. Speaker Sir, it is important that the Nurse Aid Association of Zimbabwe Trust be accorded the opportunity through the enactment of the Act so that there be a Nurse Aides Council enacted for their plight to be looked into at the end of the day.  I so submit Mr. Speaker Sir.  Thank you. 

HON. KARIKOGA:  Thank you Mr. Speaker Sir.  I move that the debate do now adjourn.

HON. NYANDORO:  I second.

Motion put and agreed to.

Debate to resume: Tuesday, 26^th November 2024.

MOTION

REVIEW AND UPDATE ON THE DRIVERS’ LICENCE TESTING REGULATIONS TO INCLUDE AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION VEHICLES

HON. MHETU:  I move the motion standing in my name that this House-

NOTING that the current driver’s licence testing framework in Zimbabwe requires individuals to demonstrate proficiency only in manual transmission vehicles;

CONCERNED that this framework may not adequately prepare drivers for the increasingly common use of automatic transmission vehicles on our roads;

RECOGNISING the importance of ensuring that all drivers, regardless of the type of vehicle they operate, are equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to drive safely and responsibly;

CONSIDERING that in this modern age where automatic vehicles are becoming more prevalent, it may not be necessary for all drivers to learn how to operate manual transmission vehicles, particularly if they do not intend to use them;

NOW, THEREFORE, calls upon the Minister of Transport and Infrastructural Development to:

1. a) Introduce two distinct categories of driver’s licences: one for manual transmission vehicles (which can also be used for automatic transmission vehicles) and one for automatic transmission vehicles only.
2. b) Ensure that those who obtain licences for manual transmission vehicles also receive oral training for operating automatic transmission vehicles.
3. c) Expand the driver’s licence testing framework to include a separate testing module for automatic transmission vehicles.
4. d) Ensure that all driving schools and instructors are equipped to provide training on both manual and automatic transmission vehicles.
5. e) Review and update the Vehicle Drivers' Licence Regulations to reflect these changes and align them with international best practices.

         HON. MAMBIPIRI:  I second.

HON. MHETU:  Mr. Speaker Sir, there are several reasons why we should introduce two distinct categories of driver's licences.

One for manual transmission vehicles which can also be used for automatic transmission vehicles and one for automatic transmission vehicles only. Currently, many people who will never use manual vehicles are being forced to take licences for driving manual cars. Mr Speaker Sir, this is akin to forcing a future doctor to learn political science.  The future doctor does not need to know the first part of the post-electoral system to carry out a surgery. Similarly, someone that drives an automatic vehicle does not need to learn how to use a clutch.

In the United Kingdom for example, someone who drives automatic cars can get an automatic transmission driver's licence without learning manual transmission and vice versa.  We are not trying to emulate the United Kingdom situation per se. They have that system because it became necessary years ago when most of the cars on their roads became automatic. I believe we have also reached that stage Mr. Speaker, hence it is time to adjust our driver's licence system accordingly.

I want to speak about corruption. Our Transport and Infrastructural Development Minister, Hon. Felix Mhona, was quoted in the Herald last year bemoaning corruption in the issuance of driver's licences.  Manual transmission is difficult for many people who do not intend to use it. Hence, they end up paying their way. If there is a separate automatic transmission driver's licence, which I believe is easier to obtain, corruption would justifiably be reduced in the issuance of driver's licences. The current system does not train automatic vehicles, yet they are dominant in our roads, including the haulage trucks, buses and lorries.  We now have those vehicles on manual. It is unsafe to assume that all drivers who were trained using manual vehicles will all of a sudden know how to drive an automatic vehicle.

Mr. Speaker Sir, to make the new driver's licence system a reality, we need to do the following three things.

1. Introduce two distinct categories of driver's licences, one

for manual and another for automatic transmission vehicles.

1. Ensure that all driving schools and instructors are

equipped to provide training on both manual and automatic transmission vehicles.

• Review and update the vehicle driver's licence regulations

to reflect these changes and align them with international best practices.  I so submit.

         THE ACTING SPEAKER:  I also want to pronounce your name correctly.  You are Hon. Mambipiri?

HON. MAMBIPIRI: Thank you so much Mr. Speaker. Mr Speaker Sir, I support the motion tabled by Hon. Mhetu, that as we go forward, the country should introduce at least two distinct drivers licences that speak to those who are familiar and happy with manual cars, as well as those who prefer to use automatic vehicles.

The sensible reason being that organisations and countries that have progressed have always depended mainly on efficiency and focus. Now, if the majority of our people are fond of using automatic vehicles, there is no use for us as a country Mr Speaker Sir, to spend many resources at Vehicle Inspection depots where tests and trainings are conducted in manual format for people who eventually abandon the manual vehicles and focus on automatic vehicles.  It would be prudent for the nation to save time and

any other resources, to allow those who prefer automatic vehicles to straight away go and learn how to use automatic vehicles.

The fact that for now people learn double sessions, how to use manual and automatic, creates a bit of confusion in the minds of the learner drivers who are at home with automatic vehicles, who would prefer otherwise to drive automatic vehicles all the time. So, for the sake of saving resources, time and acknowledging that the world has moved in a big way, has shifted greatly from manual vehicles by tilting towards automatic vehicles, I think it is the right time and it is necessary for this House and the country to consider now having a distinct licences that acknowledge those who would want to use automatic vehicles. I so submit Mr Speaker Sir. – [HON. MEMBERS: Hear, hear.] –  

         *HON. MAPIKI:  I like to thank Hon. Mhetu for the motion but I am not supporting it because you need a lot of licences, automatic licences, manual licences and third robotic vehicles.  We end up looking for brake licences as well as reverse licences.  So, Mr. Speaker Sir – [Laughter.] -

         HON. HADEBE:  Point of order Mr. Speaker.  I think the Hon. Member is drunk and he is not allowed to speak in Parliament.   

         THE ACTING SPEAKER: Order Hon. Member!  I do not think that is Parliamentary.  Can you please withdraw?

         HON. HADEBE:  I was trying to say the Hon. Member is not taking this Parliament seriously. 

         THE ACTING SPEAKER: I will deal with the report if he traverses any order of the House.  Can you please withdraw what you have said?

         HON. HADEBE:  I withdraw.

         *THE ACTING SPEAKER: Thank you.  Hon. Mapiki, did you not debate? - [HON. MEMBERS:  He is just laughing.] - 

         HON. CHIGUMBU: Point of order Mr. Speaker. 

         THE ACTING SPEAKER:  You cannot do point of order on top of another point of order.

         HON. CHIGUMBU:  Mine is different Mr. Speaker.  I think it is important for the Hon. Member to appreciate that this is a very serious House.  If someone rises to give a debate and start to laugh, it is…

         THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Yes, that is what I am dealing with.  Do not worry.

         HON. CHIGUMBU: Thank you.

*THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Hon. Mapiki, say what you want to say.

*HON. MAPIKI:  Thank you Mr. Speaker Sir.  I am not supporting this motion brought by Hon. Mhetu because I think we will spend a lot of time and waste resources.  You need a lot of licences for automatic vehicles as well as many other vehicles that will be introduced in future, robotic or automatic vehicles.  On that issue, there is no need for a motion.  If someone needs to be tested, that person will be given class one, class two or class four instead of given a lot of licences whereby you end up with huge volumes like a Bible.  It does not show that we are organised as a country.  This is an issue of just imitating something that has been implemented in America where the Western World know but for me I think I do not agree. Our pockets will be torn because of huge volumes of licences. I thank you.

*THE ACTING SPEAKER:  Hon. Mapiki, you have given your opinion in this House.  I do not know why you are laughing.

*HON. MAPIKI: Hon. Mhetu was lost earlier on and he came to this side.  So, I realised that through this motion that we are debating.

HON. KARIKOGA:   I move that the debate do now adjourn.

HON. NYANDORO: I second.

Motion put and agreed to.

Debate to resume: Tuesday, 26^th November, 2024.

MOTION

REPORT OF THE PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION ON THE STATE OF INFRASTRUCTURE AT SCHOOLS

         HON. MURAMBIWA: I move the motion standing in my name that this House considers and adopts the Report of the Portfolio Committee on Primary and Secondary Education on the state of infrastructure at schools constructed by the Government and other stakeholders in 2023.

HON. MUKOMBERI:  I second.

HON. MURAMBIWA:  Thank you Hon. Speaker.  I present a Report of the Portfolio Committee on Primary and Secondary Education on the State of Infrastructure at schools constructed by the Government and other stakeholders in the year 2023.

          1.0      INTRODUCTION

The Portfolio Committee on Primary and Secondary Education undertook an analysis of the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education's budget performance reports for the fourth quarter of 2023 and the first quarter of 2024. The fourth quarter report revealed that the Ministry successfully constructed 83 out of the targeted 300 schools in 2023. Given the current shortage of 2,800 schools in Zimbabwe, these visits were essential in fulfilling the Committee's oversight mandate as stipulated by the Constitution and the Parliament's Standing Rules and Orders. Through these visits, the Committee aimed to assess and ensure that the Ministry's infrastructure development efforts were progressing as planned.

          1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE INQUIRY

Zimbabwe has pledged to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4) - Quality Education, which stresses the importance of adequate infrastructure for inclusive and equitable quality education. This commitment is reinforced by the Constitution of Zimbabwe (2013) and the National Education Policy (2019), both of which prioritise infrastructure development in the education sector. The 2023 national budget allocated ZWL 8.4 billion for education infrastructure development, focusing on new school construction and rehabilitation of existing ones. This report presents an assessment of the state of infrastructure, specifically schools built by the Government and other stakeholders in 2023. The assessment is guided by global and national legal and policy frameworks on education infrastructure development in Zimbabwe. It also highlights challenges faced by schools in construction projects, including inadequate funding, limited capacity and insufficient resources for local authorities to implement projects. The report's findings and recommendations aim to inform policy and decision-making, ultimately improving infrastructure development in Zimbabwe's education sector. 

          2.0 OBJECTIVES

1. i) Verify the existence and condition of the constructed schools or infrastructure;
2. ii) Assess the quality of buildings to ensure they meet the standards of accessibility and climate resilience;

• Identify any challenges or bottlenecks in the implementation of the school construction programme

1. Propose solutions or recommendations to improve service delivery

         3.0      METHODOLOGY

The Committee invited the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education to an oral evidence meeting where the Ministry was expected to clarify issues raised in their 2023 Fourth Quarter and 2024 First Quarter budget performance reports. The Committee took interest in inquiring into the state and quality of buildings at schools constructed in 2023 bearing in mind the need to implement SDG4 which calls for access to inclusive and equitable quality education for all. The inquiry sought specifically to ensure Government and stakeholders involved in the construction of schools build and upgrade resilient and safe schools. Fact-finding visits were conducted from 1 to 5 July, 2024. To maximise coverage, the Committee split into two teams as shown on the following tables: 

TEAM A

Name of School	Province	District	Source of Funding
Bunsiwa Primary	Mat North	Binga	Rural District Council and Netone
Mathendele Primary	Mat South	Mangwe	Rural District Council
Mathendele Secondary	Mat South	Mangwe	SDA Church
Khami Secondary	Bulawayo	Khami	Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional Services
Springs of Grace Junior	Mash West	Chegutu	Private
Mackseth International Sch	Mash West	Mhondoro Ngezi	Private
ZPCS Chikurubi Secondary	Harare	Epworth/Mabvuku/Tafara	ZPCS
ZRP Support Unit Secondary	Harare	Epworth/Mabvuku/Tafara	ZRP

 

TEAM B

Name of School	Province	District	Source of Funding
Shongamiti Secondary	Masvingo	Chivi	School Development Association
Tugwi-Mukosi Secondary Satellite School	Masvingo	Chivi	Government and Rural District Council
Melbourne Primary Satellite School	Masvingo	Chiredzi	Government
St Kelvin High Satellite School	Manicaland	Chipinge	Chipinge Town Council
St Makebo Primary Satellite School	Manicaland	Mutare	Johane Marange Apostolic Church
Gimboki Primary Satellite School	Manicaland	Mutare	Mutare City Council
ED Mnangagwa High  Satellite School	Mash East	Mutoko	Government
Mapona Primary Satellite School	Mash East	Mutoko	Rural District Council and School Development Committee
Broockdale Primary Satellite School	Mash Central	Bindura	Bindura Town Council
St Noah 3 Primary Satellite School	Mash Central	Bindura	Johane Marange Apostolic Church

 4.0 COMMITTEE’S FINDINGS      

4.1 MATABELELAND NORTH PROVINCE

The Committee visited Bunsiwa Primary School in Binga, Matabeleland North, which has made significant progress in infrastructure development. The school has two completed classroom blocks, a teachers' cottage, and ablution facilities built by parents, catering to 212 learners. However, the construction of additional classroom blocks and an administration block, funded by Netone, has stalled since July 2023 due to procurement challenges and labor hiring issues. Despite available materials, including 2600 bags of cement and other supplies, no work has resumed. The School Development Committee (SDC) was instructed not to use materials for other purposes without Netone's authorisation. The water system is functional, but electricity connection is pending. The quality of infrastructure and educational facilities requires attention to ensure inclusivity and climate resilience standards are met.

          4.2 Matabeleland South

The Committee visited Mathendele Primary School and Mathendele Seventh Day Adventist (SDA) Secondary School in Plumtree. Mathendele Primary School, owned by Mangwe Rural District Council and financed through devolution funds, is yet to open due to outstanding work on two modern classroom blocks, including plumbing, floors, and furniture. The council faces challenges in expediting construction due to late disbursement of devolution funds.

Mathendele Seventh Day Adventist Secondary School, privately owned by the Seventh Day Adventist (SDA) Secondary Church, has two classroom blocks that are 90% complete but faces financial constraints, hindering construction progress. The school also needs to address water challenges by increasing the depth of the borehole.

Both schools have modern infrastructure, meeting the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education's standards. However, they require support to overcome their respective challenges and complete construction. 

         4.3 Bulawayo Metropolitan

In Bulawayo Metropolitan Province, the Committee visited Khami Secondary School, established in 2011. Initially, the school utilized Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional Services (ZPCS) barracks as classrooms. In 2022, the community funded the construction of the first classroom block, with ZPCS officers contributing $15 each towards the building fund. Notable donors, including Hon Richard Moyo and ZPCS Commissioner General Moses Chihobvu, provided materials like bricks and cement. The school has a partnership with McDonald Bricks, exchanging labor for bricks, with inmates providing construction labour.

The school boasts four completed blocks with two classrooms each, excellent ablution facilities, and a computer and science laboratories block under construction. However, financial challenges and inadequate ablution facilities persist. The staff complement consists of 34 members, with 16 from the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education and 18 from ZPCS. The school's vision is to build boarding facilities to accommodate more learners. 

         4.4 Mashonaland West Province

The Committee visited Springs of Grace Junior School and Mackseth International School in Mashonaland West Province.

Springs of Grace Junior School, a privately owned school in Chegutu, has state-of-the-art infrastructure, including two classroom blocks and an administration block, which are modern and disability-friendly. The school, situated on 300 hectares of land, is operating on a 5-year lease agreement from the Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Water, Fisheries, and Rural Development. Despite financial constraints, the school has received support from PG Industries, which provides building materials on a termly credit facility. 

Mackseth International School, a primary private school in Kadoma, has three completed classrooms, an administration block, sports facilities, and ablution facilities which are designed to accommodate pupils with disabilities. The school, registered in 2024 with the assistance of the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, has an enrollment of twenty-two learners and six qualified staff. It provides both day and boarding facilities and plans to build a secondary school. Construction of additional facilities is ongoing. Neither school received direct funding from the ministry.

          4.5        Harare Metropolitan Province

Two schools in Harare Metropolitan Province were visited: ZPCS Chikurubi Secondary School and ZRP Support Unit Secondary School.

ZPCS Chikurubi Secondary School, established in 2020 and registered in 2023, has two modern classroom blocks, fully functional ablution blocks funded by UNICEF, and a 60% complete classroom block. The school has 280 learners, but Form 1 and 2 classes use makeshift structures. The blocks have disability-accessible ramps. Self-funding through levies, the school faces financial constraints, exacerbated by unpaid BEAM funds from the Government.

ZRP Support Unit Secondary School, established in 2014, boasts two state-of-the-art classroom blocks constructed in 2023. Self-funding through levies, the school has 524 learners and 46 qualified staff. However, challenges persist, including inadequate classrooms, textbooks, ablution facilities, staff accommodation, and science and practical subject teachers. The school plans to construct additional blocks to meet growing demand.

          4.6 Masvingo Province

The Committee visited three schools in Masvingo Province: Shongamiti High School, Tugwi-Mukosi Secondary School, and Melbourne Primary School. Shongamiti High School is undergoing significant infrastructure development, including disability-compatible laboratories and a school hall with ramps. However, progress has been stalled due to limited water supply and financial constraints. The school relies on water from Tugwi-Mukosi Dam, which is distant, and erratic electricity supplies have affected water availability.

Tugwi-Mukosi Secondary School, a satellite school of Shongamiti Secondary School, faces significant challenges, including inadequate water supply and electricity. Despite assistance from the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education and Chivi District Rural Council, efforts to drill a borehole have been futile, and transporting water from Tugwi-Mukosi River is hindered by electricity challenges. This has stalled construction progress. Late payment of

BEAM funds by Government affect development projects at both Shongamiti and Tugwi-Mukosi Secondary Schools.

Melbourne Primary School's construction, aimed at alleviating overcrowding, has faced delays due to lack of funding, causing materials to deteriorate. Partners, including Chiredzi Town Council and local residents' associations, have not started construction on the allocated land, and materials are stored at Chiredzi High School.

          4.7 Manicaland Province

The Committee visited three schools in Manicaland Province: St Kelvin Secondary, St. Makebo Primary School, and Gimboki Primary School.

St Kelvin Secondary, a satellite school established to decongest Chipinge Secondary School, boasts two completed modern classroom blocks, with a third under construction. Funded by Chipinge Town Council and the School Development Committee, the project faces challenges due to low fees payment compliance, lack of BEAM funds from the Government and delayed release of devolution funds. With only four teachers catering to 80 students, the teaching staff is overwhelmed and requires additional support.

St. Makebo Primary School, one of the eleven schools in Manicaland and forty-one nationwide owned by the Johane Marange Group of Schools, occupies a 50-hectare donated land. Despite lacking registration due to inadequate infrastructure, the school has made progress with SDC and parent support, and a thriving business unit. However, challenges persist, including the need for four additional teachers to cater to the 517 enrolled students. While the school's infrastructure shows efforts towards inclusivity, climate resilience standards need attention. Bottlenecks include inadequate infrastructure, teacher shortages, and registration delays.

Gimboki Primary School, a satellite council school funded by Mutare City Council, has constructed a state-of-the-art block with five classrooms and ablution facilities using a $1 education levy. Plans for an administration block, additional classrooms and playing grounds are underway, but security challenges due to lack of perimeter fencing need addressing.

          4.8 Mashonaland East Province

Two schools in Mashonaland East Province, ED Mnangagwa High School and Mapona Primary School, were visited to assess their condition. ED Mnangagwa High School, identified for construction in 2022 under the PSIP project, has made limited progress due to water unavailability and funding issues. The school has 169 learners, six teachers, and two termite ridden blocks with three classrooms each. Mapona Primary School, established in 2021, has experienced significant enrolment growth but faces challenges in terms of fees payment compliance and limited funding.

The existing infrastructure at Mapona Primary School fails to meet the standards of climate resilience, hindered by the absence of income-generating projects and insufficient funding. In contrast, ED Mnangagwa High School's proposed redesign aims to include state-of-the-art classrooms, ablution facilities, and a low-cost boarding facility, replacing the current dilapidated classroom blocks. However, construction has been halted due to water supply challenges. Both schools face challenges of non-payment of BEAM funds negatively affecting development plans including construction projects.

         4.9    Mashonaland Central Province

The Committee visited Brookdale Primary School and St Noah 3 Primary School in Mashonaland Central Province. Brookdale Primary School, established in 2022, has expanded its infrastructure with devolution funds, now boasting 940 learners, 21 teachers, and modern amenities like a borehole, electricity, solar system, and internet connectivity. However, the school lacks computers and also requires an administration block, playground, and sports facilities. 

St Noah 3 Primary School, one of the projects by the Johane Marange Apostolic Church, has newly constructed modern infrastructure, but faces challenges like water scarcity, inadequate teachers' accommodation and financial constraints. The school plans to construct a secondary school and vocational training centre, incorporating disability, girl-friendly and climate resilience features.

        5.0     COMMITTEE OBSERVATIONS

        5.1     The Committee made the following observations:

1. Inadequate funding from the Treasury has hindered progress on Government-funded projects, underscoring the need for sustained financial support.
2. The delayed release of BEAM (Basic Education Assistance Module) and devolution funds has significantly impacted school development projects, highlighting the need for timely resource allocation.

• Financial constraints among key stakeholders, including the Government, Local Authorities, and School Development Committees, have slowed project completion, emphasising the need for increased investment.

1. While structures exist in most schools, Melbourne Primary School in Chiredzi lacks any construction despite receiving building materials, highlighting issues with implementation.
2. Most new structures, lack accessible ablution facilities, indicating a need for more inclusive design.
3. School Development Committees (SDCs) and School Development Associations (SDAs) demonstrate initial enthusiasm but struggle to maintain momentum due to financial constraints.

• Satellite schools face severe overcrowding due to delayed construction and completion, exemplified by Mapona Primary School in Mutoko, which requires urgent infrastructure expansion.
• Most satellite schools headed by non-substantive heads or Teachers-in-Charge lack development, particularly in construction projects, emphasising the need for effective leadership and support.

1. Contrary to stereotypes, the Johane Marange Apostolic Church has made significant contributions to education, building 41 schools nationwide, including 11 in Manicaland. However, they require Government support in securing land for school and vocational training center construction to further promote access to education.
2. Infrastructure development is hindered by the lack of basic amenities such as electricity and potable water, which slows progress in infrastructure development, self-income generating projects, and effective implementation of heritage-based curriculum and construction of girl-friendly and disability-friendly infrastructure.

         6.0   RECOMMENDATIONS

The Committee recommends as follows:

6.1 The Ministry of Finance, Economic Development and Investment Promotion should increase funding allocations for education infrastructure projects in the next fiscal year (2024-2025) and prioritize timely disbursements.

         6.2 The Ministry of Finance, Economic Development and Investment Promotion should ensure timely disbursement of BEAM and devolution funds to schools, with a review of the funding allocation process to be completed by 31 December 2024.

6.3 The Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education and Ministry of Finance, Economic Development and Investment Promotion should effectively utilise alternative funding models, such as public-private partnerships, to support school infrastructure development.

6.4 By December 31, 2024, the Ministry of Primary and

Secondary Education should investigate and address implementation challenges at Melbourne Primary School through engagement with the Chiredzi District Education Office, ensuring construction commencement.

         6.5 The Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should

provide training and capacity-building programmes for School Development Committees (SDCs) and School Development Associations (SDAs) on resource mobilisation and project management by 30 April 2025.

6.6 Within 24 months, prioritise construction of additional classrooms and infrastructure in satellite schools, focusing on the most overcrowded.

6.7 By December 31, 2024, the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should engage with the Johane Marange Apostolic Church to explore partnership opportunities, including land allocation and resource mobilisation, and sign a Memorandum of Understanding to support school and vocational training center construction. 

6.8 By December 31, 2024, the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should streamline the registration process for satellite schools to ensure their formal recognition and support. This formalisation will facilitate infrastructure development at these schools, providing them with the necessary resources and support to improve the educational environment for students and teachers alike.

6.9    By December 31, 2025, the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should deploy substantive heads to satellite schools to ensure effective leadership and support 

 

6.10 The Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education and relevant authorities should prioritise the provision of basic amenities in satellite schools.

         7.0          CONCLUSION

The Portfolio Committee's fact-finding visits to selected public and private schools constructed in 2023 have revealed that, despite notable progress, significant challenges persist. The findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced infrastructure development, the provision of basic amenities, and the creation of educational facilities that are resilient to climate change and conducive to learning. To bridge the existing gaps and meet the Ministry's objectives, the Committee recommends the expedited registration of satellite schools, the prioritization of basic amenities, and the improvement of teacher-to-student ratios. Furthermore, the Ministry must ensure the timely completion of school construction projects and allocate sufficient resources for quality education. By implementing these recommendations, the Ministry can enhance service delivery and move closer to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4) and Zimbabwe's Vision 2030. The Committee will continue to perform its oversight role to ensure the Ministry's efforts remain on track. Thank you.

HON. MUKOMBERI: I rise to second the motion for the consideration and adoption of the report for Portfolio Committee on Primary and Secondary Education on the state of infrastructure at schools constructed by Government and other stakeholders in 2023. Madam Speaker Ma’am, the report has been given by the Chairman of the Committee, I am going to actually highlight on the key issues to do with infrastructure state in the schools visited as well as some few recommendations.

Madam Speaker Ma’am it is a fact that academic performance by leaners is somewhat a variation which is influenced by two inherent factors, which are genetics and environment. Environment in this case is actually influenced by the infrastructure in which the learning process is being undertaken. To this end, I want to speak on how important quality infrastructure is in the education sector. As it was clearly stated in the report that both the Constitution of Zimbabwe and the National Education Policy of 2019 do priorities infrastructure development in the education sector.

It implies that it is infrastructure which actually speaks to the quality of education, its accessibility, how education is equitable, inclusivity of education and even affordability. Quality of education is enhanced by the infrastructure in which it takes place. Whether the infrastructure has proper ventilation, this has to do with influencing quality of education. Also, inclusivity in terms of infrastructure is measured in terms of whether this infrastructure is gender sensitive or is it also disability friendly. Therefore, that is why we are saying infrastructure is very important and should be prioritised in our schools if at all we have to provide quality education.

Also given that these schools are in different geographical locations, some are in rural set up some in urban centres. Equitable education is measured in terms of whether those in schools in the rural set up and those in urban set up do provide education with similar standards. This is the reason why the Committee visited both rural and urban schools. Madam Speaker, affordability has to do with the funding model of infrastructural development. It is clear that these infrastructural developments were both funded by the Central Government, Local authorities, private players and also by parents through the school development associations or school development committees.

It implies that if the infrastructural development is through the model whereby funding is from parents through school development committees, it means affordability in that case is actually hindered negatively because it will increase the cost of accessing education. Given that this infrastructure that is funded by the Central Government and through the national budget, it implies that the Government will be trying to provide education at affordable rates and also as they drive to provide free basic state funded education. This is the best model that is society friendly.

Madam Speaker Ma’am, as given in the report by the Portfolio Committee Chair, schools visited were 18 but of special interest is that amongst them, half the number of schools were satellite schools, which means nine of the visited schools are satellite. It implies that they are still satellite because the state of infrastructure is still failing to meet the minimum standard requirement to be registered. It means to this end as was stated in the report in terms of the Committee recommendations, what is actually derailing the progress in terms registering of those schools is because of the financial constraints, especially those schools being funded the local authorities funded by devolution funds, which are delayed in terms of disbursement or release.

It means this financial constraints derails the progress in terms of meeting the minimum requirements that will enable the school to be fully registered to move from the satellite school status to a fully fledged school. That is, only nine of the schools visited were registered and the infrastructural developments on such registered schools, most of them were funded by parents through school development committee arrangements where special levies were charged. For example, we have Tokwe Mukosi set up where the school is being funded by the local authority through devolution funds.

Some infrastructural developments are through the school development committee and special levy is being charged to parents. Also the Shongamiti infrastructural developments laboratories and school hall are both funded by parents. We are saying it is worth undertaking to recommend that the Government through the national….

         HON. MAKUMIRE: Ma aah aah ako awandisa.

         HON. MUKOMBERI: Madam Speaker Ma’am, these aah aahs are part of my debate. Thank you.

THE TEMPORARY SPEAKER (HON. MAUNGANIDZE): Order, Hon. Makumire! May you put yourself to order? You may proceed Hon. Mukomberi.

HON. MUKOMBERI: Thank you very much. I was saying most of the infrastructural development in registered schools were funded by parents through some special levies. The recommendations given by the Committee are worth undertaking to say, it is recommended that the Treasury should actually increase the amount that is allocated to the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education such that the budget will also include a greater percentage that is allocated towards funding capital development.

In the previous years, the greatest percentage of the national budget allocated to such ministry was actually directed towards recurrent expenditure, for example, payment of wages and salaries and also paying for the tools of trade to meet the day to day running of the Ministry. I think the Ministry of Finance should increase the budget to the Primary and Secondary Education. Also the amount that is allocated to devolution should be released in time so that local authorities in their effort to also contribute towards infrastructural development in schools, the work is going to be made easier through timeous release of such funds.

Madam Speaker Ma’am, it is clear that the delays in the payment of BEAM funds is actually crippling schools, especially those with low enrolment and the majority of the learners being under BEAM. It means in the schools budget, a greater percentage for capital expenditure for construction purposes as it will be received from the Government through BEAM after four to five years. It means this will be derailing the projects that these funds are meant to meet. Thank you Madam Speaker for the time granted for me to also give my contribution towards this report. Thank you.

         HON. KARIKOGA: I move that the debate do now adjourn.

         HON. NYANDORO: I second.

         Motion put and agreed to.

         Debate to resume: Tuesday, 26^th November, 2024.

MOTION

CANCER AWARENESS PROGRAMMES AND MODERN CANCER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT FOR MPILO AND PARIRENYATWA HOSPITALS

       Twenty-Third Order read: Adjourned debate on motion on the need to raise awareness and invest in state-of-the-art equipment for cancer treatment.

       Question again proposed.

       HON. DR. KHUPE: Thank you Madam Speaker Ma’am.  First of all, I would like to thank all Hon. Members who debated this motion.  I cannot mention them by name because almost all the Members debated this motion.  I would also like to thank all the Hon. Members for the spirit of unity demonstrated during this debate – [HON. MEMBERS: Hear, hear.] – I would also like to urge Hon. Members that we remain united in fighting this deadly disease called cancer.  I also hope and trust that as we debate issues to do with development or issues to do with the livelihoods of our people, we will remain united as a House towards the development trajectory, towards making sure that every Zimbabwean has a better life.  I hope and trust that we will continue demonstrating that spirit of unity in dealing with these issues.

     Madam Speaker Ma’am, one and half months ago, Hon. Lilian Timveos called me.  May her soul rest in eternal peace. She said to me, Hon. Doctor, my cancer has come back.  Can you please give me the details of the hospitals where you were treated in the United Kingdom so that I consult them?  I gave her the details and I told her what to do.  Sadly, after a few weeks, I heard she had been admitted in hospital and she was not feeling well.  On Saturday, during the Pre-Budget Seminar in Bulawayo, Hon. Fred Moyo came to me and said Hon. Lilian is very sick.  She is not even speaking any more. He said to me, Honourable, be strong, continue fighting this disease. 

       Sadly so, a few days later, we heard she had passed on.  This is a clear indication that this disease is here with us.  This disease is killing many people, hence the reason why we must take it seriously and fight it to the finish.  Very soon we are going to be coming up with a Cancer Caucus in this Parliament.  The role of the Cancer Caucus is to do awareness programmes in all the 210 constituencies, so that people in our constituencies – [HON. MEMBERS: Hear, hear.] – know about this disease called cancer; its signs and symptoms because once cancer is detected early, it is very easy and cheap to treat.  However, once it is detected late, it is very difficult, complicated and very expensive to treat, hence the reason why we must intensify awareness programmes so that everybody knows there is this disease called cancer. 

Now, the question then comes to say, whilst we have done our awareness programmes and one person finds that they have got something abnormal, a lump or they have got a discharge, if they go to our hospitals at the present moment, are they going to find machines so that they are diagnosed? The answer is no, hence the reason why the cancer levy from sugar which has been ring-fenced towards procuring cancer equipment. We must make sure as Parliament that cancer equipment is bought both (CT), (PET) Scans and Mammograms so that as we do our awareness programmes, once somebody finds out that they have a problem, if they walk into Mpilo Hospital or to Parirenyatwa Hospital, they must find  those machines so that a diagnosis is conducted.

         Once a diagnosis has been conducted, we want to make sure that there is medication for all cancers and once you have been diagnosed, you are given medication so that you are well. If you are diagnosed and there is no medication, there is no way you can be well. So, as Parliament, our role is going to make sure that we do awareness programmes.

Secondly, we make sure that the ring-fenced funds go towards procuring state of the art cancer equipment. We also make sure that this ring-fenced fund goes towards the procurement of cancer medication, research and development on new modern cancer medicines so that we are always ahead of the disease because cancer is a very clever disease. You can use one medication and it will start developing.

So, you need to attack it with another medication until it is destroyed completely, hence the reason why it is important that our scientists, researchers and doctors sit down and start researching on new cancer modern medicines so that we are always ahead of this disease.

I would like to once again thank all Hon. Members. What is left is for our recommendations to be implemented. I would also like to call upon the Minister of Health and Child Care so that he responds to our motion. I therefore move for the adoption of this motion.

Motion that this House-

NOTING THAT First World countries have made great strides in the field of oncology resulting in their advanced treatment of cancers even at stage 4;

WORRIED that Zimbabwean cancer patients have to travel abroad for cancer related treatment and in most cases, patients die before raising funds needed for such treatment abroad;

AWARE that a number of Zimbabweans have been diagnosed with different types of cancer which include inter alia breast cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer and ovarian cancer;

REALISING that there is a dearth of research in Zimbabwe around the aforementioned as cancer treatment remains inaccessible to the majority;

COGNISANT that there is lack of awareness on cancer as most cancers start benignly before they become life-threatening;

NOW, THEREFORE, calls upon this House to:

1. a) Request Government to immediately start and intensify cancer awareness programmes in collaboration with other organisations and foundations like the Thokozani Khupe Cancer Foundation in all the 35 000 villages in Zimbabwe and all towns so that citizens are made aware of the scourge of cancer;
2. b) Implore Government to invest in state-of-the-art equipment for Mpilo and Parirenyatwa Hospitals as a starting point and equip these two hospitals with modern Computed Tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans, radiation machines and all kinds of chemotherapies for all stages of cancer; and
3. c) Government to further move with speed and fully fund universities so that they start, without any further delays, researching on new and modern cancer medicines, put and agreed to.

       On the motion of HON. KARIKOGA, seconded by HON. NYANDORO, the House adjourned at Thirteen Minutes past Five o’clock p.m. until Tuesday, 26^th November, 2024.